3.6b Flashcards
What is cultural diffusion
Cultural change to dozens of places for thousands of years
How is cultural diffusion achieved and given an example
- Sometimes achieved using coercion, using legal or even military tools.
- Languages, religions and customs were spread around the world using force by the Roman and the British Empires.
What is cultural dilution
- Pushing out local industries
- Gradual disappearance of traditional artefacts / services / languages / mentefacts
- Can’t continue traditional practices (e.g. hunter-gathering)
What is the role of globalisation in cultural dilution
TNCs
- Bring new products and services
- Bring new Western (cultural) ideas
Joining up of global production chains
- Environmental pollution / degradation
Loss of habitats
How does cultural erosion occur
loss of language, traditional food, music, clothes and social relations
How can cultural impact environment
Cultural erosion can result in changes to built and natural environment
- for example - de-valuing local and larger scale ecosystems
define cultural erosion
The reduction of a culture due to globalisation
How might the environment be disrupted
- Over exploitation of, e.g. logging silting up rivers.
- disruption of eco-system through mining/drilling activity, e.g. orangutans.
- conversion of land to farming for agribusiness, e.g. palm oil.
- economic pressure to gather resources, ‘green gold’.
- related need to earn foreign exchange, palm oil to Malaysia and Indonesia.
- improving technologies, making once remote resources more accessible, aluminum smelters, HEP dams.
- exploitation managed by transnational corporations (TNCs) who have powerful influence, Rio Tinto. Rio tinot extracted resources in PNG wiht employment of local people, increasing conflicts between local tribal groups
- exploitation managed from the urban core, e.g. Kuching.
ref to page 82 for case study on papa new guinea
also check out attitudes to globalisation
Who siad culutre is a society’s structure of feeling
Raymond Williams
Which one of Papa new guinea’s animals are being hunted and therefore are under threat
tree kangaroo
- tribal groups in PNG huntng them as a source of food; don’t care about ecosystem as much as they did before on account of cultural erosion; they want income education and health improvments for their kids like everyone else
How many different cultural groups are present in papa new guinea
7000
What is the principle livestock in PNG
oceanic pig
Who suppressed tribal warfare to allow freedom and the spread of christianity
missionaries
Who controlled british new guinea in 1905
AUS
