3.6.2 key factors in change

Question 1

Culture will influence

Answer 1

How willing a business is to respond to change
Leadership style in managing change
Attitudes to risk
Ability to innovate

Question 2

The size of the organisation will influence the ability to communicate and manage change, as well as the speed of change.
Considerations include:

Answer 2

Number of employees
Geographical spread
Levels of hierarchy
Complexity of structure

Question 3

what are the key factors in change

Answer 3

Organisational culture
Size of organisation
Time/speed of change
Managing resistance to change

Question 4

define Incremental change

Answer 4

Change that is implemented over time with a number of small changes being made on a regular basis to achieve ongoing improvements

Question 5

define Disruptive change

Answer 5

Change that is rapid and unexpected having a dramatic affect on the way in which an industry or businesses operate

Question 6

Kotter and Schlesinger’s model shows 4 reasons for resistance to change,which are

Answer 6

Parochial self interest
Prefer the status quo
Different assessment
Misunderstanding and fear

Question 7

describe Parochial self interest

Answer 7

Stakeholders fear that change will result in them being personally worse off and therefore want to protect themselves against this

Question 8

describe Prefer the status quo

Answer 8

Stakeholders are happy with the way things are and therefore just want to keep it as it is

Question 9

describe Different assessment

Answer 9

Stakeholders believe that the proposed change is not the correct course of action and that they could suggest a better solution

Question 10

describe Misunderstanding and fear

Answer 10

Stakeholders believe that the motives for change are wrong and they therefore mistrust the decision makers

Question 11

describe Kotter and Schlesinger’s model shows 6 ways to overcome resistance to change:

Answer 11

Education and communication 
Participation and involvement 
Facilitation and support 
Negotiation and agreement 
Manipulation and co-option 
Explicit and implicit coercion

Question 12

describe Education and communication

Answer 12

– providing stakeholders with all of the necessary information to help them understand the reason for change, how it will be implemented and the proposed outcome

Question 13

describe Participation and involvement

Answer 13

– providing a sense of ownership to stakeholders so they feel part of the whole change process

Question 14

describe Facilitation and support

Answer 14

– providing the necessary skills and resources to help stakeholders feel more confident with the change process

Question 15

describe Negotiation and agreement

Answer 15

– increase two-way communication by bargaining with stakeholders and if necessary making compromises to the change process

Question 16

describe Manipulation and co-option

Answer 16

– use of

project champions who may receive incentives and are tasked with winning around others

Question 17

describe Explicit and implicit coercion

Answer 17

– pushing change through despite resistance. This may be a last resort