3.6 Mitosis Meiosis

Question 1

Gametes have ______ DNA

Answer 1

1/2

Question 2

Meiosis produces ______ genes while mitosis produces _____ genes

Answer 2

Haploid, diploid

Question 3

______ is an undifferentiated male germ cell

Answer 3

Spermatogonia

Question 4

Where do spermatogonia live?

Answer 4

Basal compartment of seminiferous tubule

Question 5

What are the two types of spermatogonia?

Answer 5

-Type A: stem cells (divide and stay in basal component)
-Type B: progenitor cells for primary spermatocytes (move up to be turned into mature sperm)

Question 6

______ is when Type B spermatogonia become primary spermacytes

Answer 6

Spermatocytogenesis

Question 7

How many chromosomes do primary spermatocytes have?

Answer 7

46 (44+ XY)

Question 8

Meiosis are divisions that cause the sperm to go down to ______ chromosomes

Answer 8

23

Question 9

How many chromosomes do secondary spermatocytes have?

Answer 9

23(22+ X or Y)

Question 10

______ are elaborate epithelial cells with many junctions that are essential for spermatogenesis

Answer 10

Sertoli cells

Question 11

______ is the differentiation of spermatic into spermatozoa

Answer 11

Sperminogenesis

Question 12

There is a blood testes barrier between ______ cells

Answer 12

Sartoli

Question 13

What does a sperm have in its middle section?

Answer 13

Mitochondria to power it’s swimming to the egg

Question 14

Eggs sit in the _____

Answer 14

Mesovarium

Question 15

Are the ovaries connected to the Fallopian tubes?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

Primordial germ cells arise from the yolk sac and migrate to the genital ridge ______ after fertilization

Answer 16

24 days

Question 17

How many oogonia are present by the second month of development? 7 months?

Answer 17

• 600,000
• 7 million

Question 18

Oogonia become primary oocytes when?

Answer 18

When they enter prophase of first meiotic division

Question 19

Which class of follicles formed in mammalian ovaries consists of an oocyte surrounded by a single layer of flattened granulosa cells?

Answer 19

Primordial follicles

Question 20

Steps for oocyte to mature and be released

Answer 20

Primary follicle —> secondary follicle —> Graafian follicle —> ruptured follicle —> released oocyte

Question 21

What is this?

Answer 21

Primordial follicles

Question 22

What are some characteristics of the late primary follicle? (Epithelium, size)

Answer 22

• follicular cells become stratified cuboidal epithelium
• oocyte increases in size
• zona pellucida developed

Question 23

What is the zona pellucida?

Answer 23

the thick transparent membrane surrounding a mammalian ovum before implantation (goes away once it turns into a blastocyte)

Question 24

What is liquor folliculi?

Answer 24

Liquid which fills the follicular antrum and surrounds the ovum

Question 25

The ____ is a space between granules cells that holds liquor folliculi and produces the pressure to ovulate

Answer 25

Antrum

Question 26

The ______ is the outer layer of cells of a Graafian follicle.

Answer 26

Theca folliculi

Question 27

Difference between theca interna and externa

Answer 27

theca interna produces androgens and the theca externa is a connective tissue layer derived from fibroblast-like cells that produce extracellular matrix factors, such as collagen.

Question 28

The ______ is the layer of follicular cells that gets shedded with the oocyte in ovulation.

Answer 28

Corona radiata (crown)

Question 29

The spermatocytes has to get through the _____ to get to the egg

Answer 29

Follicular cells

Question 30

________ is the reabsption/death of a follicle

Answer 30

Atresia (becomes antrum)

Question 31

Which are bigger: sperm or egg?

Answer 31

Egg

Question 32

When do the first and second meiotic division of the oocyte happen?

Answer 32

First: after oocyte is ovulated Second: after fertilization

Question 33

Where are the polar bodies found?

Answer 33

Zona pellucida

Question 34

What happens after a sperm penetrates the ZP?

Answer 34

Cortical reaction is triggered to mot let other sperm in (hardening of ZP Ned inactivation of sperm receptors)