3.3 Muscle 1 Flashcards
what are the 5 developmental origins for skeletal muscle tissue?
- mesoderm
- myoblasts
- myotubes
- muscle fibers
- myofibrils
A _______ is an undifferentiated cell that can fuse into fibers and turn into a muscle cell
myoblast
muscle fiber
single muscle cell
what are the 2 types of muscle tissue
striated, smooth
where are 3 the types of striated muscle?
- skeletal (arm, back etc)
- visceral (tongue)
- cardiac (heart)
_____ is cytoplasm in muscle cells
sarcoplasm
_____ is the ER in muscle cells
sarcoplasmic reticulum
_____ is like the plasma membrane in a muscle cell
sarcolemma
what is the smallest contractile unit in the muscle cell? (Z to Z)
sarcomere
what are characteristics of skeletal muscle? (shape, nucleus, striations?)
- long, cylindrical individual cells
- multinucleated (nuclei at periphery)
- cross-striations
- voluntary (strong/quick/forceful contractions)
what are the Visceral striated muscles involved in?
speech, breathing, swallowing
where can you find visceral striated muscles? and what are they similar to morphologically?
- tongue, pharynx, lumbar diaphragm, upper esophagus
- ID to skeletal muscle
what are some characteristics of cardiac muscle?
- short/branched individual cells
- single nucleated cells that are centrally located
- cross-striations
- involuntary movements
- strong jxns
- intercalated disks
smooth muscle characteristics
- short/tapered cells
- single nucleated cells with GAP jxn connections
-NON striated
-involuntary weak/slow contractions by ions traveling through gaps - gut has 2-3 layers
The ___ band is dark and wide. it has all the myosin
A
The __ Band is light bc its made of actin
I
The ___ line is the dark line that dissects the I band. It is the connection/anchor of the actin
Z
myosin heads move along _______
actin filaments
actin _____ stain dark with H&E
doesnt
what is the organization of muscle tissue from out–>in
-Epimysium: dense irregular connective tissue
-Perimysium: fasicles, delicate CT
-Endomysium: reticular fibers and basal lamina
how do muscle cells store energy? (2)
- energy rich Pi compounds (ATP, phosphocreatine)
- glycogen depots
the nerve is inside the basal lamina and determines the _____
fiber phenotype
the _______ controls the muscle fiber type
innervation
organization of skeletal muscle (smallest to largest)
myofilaments, myofibril, muscle fiber, muscle fascicles, muscle
_______ are the three protein filaments of myofibrils in muscle cells (actin/myosin)
myofilaments
_____ is a cytoskeletal contractile unit that is surrounded by sarcoplasmic reticulum
myofibril
a ______ is a muscle cell that is surrounded by sarcolemma and endomysium
muscle fiber
a _____ is surrounded by epimysium ( dense connective tissue )
muscle
_____ are the section of muscle surrounded by Perimysium
muscle fasicles
the _____ stores calcium
sarcoplasmic reticulum
There are mitochondria and extensive Sarcoplasmic reticula in the ______
sarcolemma
myosin is ______, actin is ______, and ____ is the line that separates.
dark, light, Z
_______ is the myosin type responsible for producing muscle contraction in muscle cells in most animal cell types
2
______ is the line at the center of a sarcomere to which myosin bind
M line
does actin go away during a contraction?
NO, myosin heads walk down the actin and the actin just slides. it doesnt go away
____ is the zone of the thick filaments that has no actin
H
The __ band is the area in the center of the sarcomere where thick and thin filaments overlap.
A
there are __ heads on every myosin tail
2
All actin monomers are the same but they can be different as______
actin associated proteins
Ca+ causes the movement of ______ so that myosin heads can bind to ______
tropomyosin, myosin binding site
______ from the nerve causes the Ca+ to be released
Action potential
_____ can help the muscle regenerate
satellite cells
What is in thin filaments?
- globular G-actin
- tropomyosin
- troponin
tropomyosin
- in f actin groove.
- covers 7 g-actin
troponin
3 types:
- TnT: tropomyosin attachment
- TNC- CaBP
- TnI: inhibitory to actin-myosin
contractile cycle
-myosin head binds to myosin binding site on tropomyosin
- ATP hydrolyzes to ADP+P as cross cycle happens and it pulls the actin
