36-70

Question 1

what is R progression?

Answer 1

increase of the R wave beginning at V1 to V5

Question 2

T wave is usually positive in leads with tall __ waves

Answer 2

R

Question 3

Hypertrophy refers to an increase in ___ mass. e.g. in __ and __.

Answer 3

muscle
hypertension
aortic stenosis

Question 4

Cardiac enlargement refers to __ of a particular chamber, most often seen in __ disease.

Answer 4

dilation

valvular

Question 5

aortic insufficiency may cause left ___ enlargement

Answer 5

ventricular

Question 6

Mitral insufficiency may result in left ___ enlargement

Answer 6

atrial

Question 7

Which wave should you look at in order to assess atrial enlargement?

Answer 7

P wave

Question 8

Which complex in the ECG represent ventricular enlargement?

Answer 8

QRS complex

Question 9

In a normal axis, leads ___ and ___ should be positive

Answer 9

I, aVF

Question 10

nNrmal axis lies between __ and __

Answer 10

0-90

Question 11

right axis is between __ and __

Answer 11

90, 180

Question 12

In an ECG with right axis, lead ___ should be positive, while lead __ negative

Answer 12

aVF, I

Question 13

left axis is between __ and __

Answer 13

0, -90

Question 14

In an ECG with a left axis lead ___ should be positive, while lead __ is negative

Answer 14

I, aVF

Question 15

extreme right axis deviation is between __ and __

Answer 15

.-90, 180

Question 16

In an ECG with extreme right axis deviation, leads ___ and ___ should be negative

Answer 16

I, aVF

Question 17

normal P wave is less than __ second in duration, and less than __ mm in deflection

Answer 17

0. 12 (3 small cubes)

2. 5

Question 18

leads __ and __ are useful to asses the P wave

Answer 18

II and V1

Question 19

what do you call right atrial enlargement?

Answer 19

P pulmonale

Question 20

right atrial hypertension can be seen when the P wave > ___ mm, in the ___ leads

Answer 20

2.5 mm

interior leads

Question 21

What do you call left atrial enlargement?

Answer 21

P mitrale

Question 22

In an ECG with a left atrial hypertension V1 should increase in duration by at least __ mm

Answer 22

1

Question 23

In an ECG with a left atrial hypertension, lead II terminal P wave should descend by __ mm

Answer 23

1

Question 24

__ axis deviation is associated with right ventricular ___

Answer 24

right axis

ventricular hypertrophy

Question 25

In right ventricular hypertrophy, the R wave is larger than the S wave in lead V__

Answer 25

1

Question 26

In right ventricular hypertrophy, lead V__ has a larger S wave than the R wave

Answer 26

6

Question 27

what are the most common causes for right ventricular hypertrophy?

Answer 27

pulmonary disease, congenital heart disease

Question 28

In left ventricular hypertrophy there should be an increased __ wave in the leads overlying the __ ventricle

Answer 28

R, left

Question 29

In left ventricular hypertrophy __ wave should increase in leads overlying the right ventricle

Answer 29

S

Question 30

In left ventricular hypertrophy, the R wave of V5 or V6 + S wave of V1 or V2 > ___ mm

Answer 30

35

Question 31

What are the leading causes for left ventricular hypertrophy?

Answer 31

systemic hypertension and valvular disease

Question 32

Secondary repolarization abnormalities include: downsloping ___ segment depression and T wave ___

Answer 32

ST

inversion

Question 33

a common sign of possible arrhythmia is ___- the awareness of one’s own heartbeat

Answer 33

palpitation

Question 34

__ and __are two symptoms that may suggest decreased cardiac output caused by arrhythmias which compromis the cardiac function

Answer 34

light-headiness, syncope

Question 35

Arrhythmias may lead to ___ and precipitate ___ heart failure

Answer 35

angina

congestive