3.6 Flashcards
Which of the following symptoms in a young child may indicate an immunodeficiency syndrome?
A. Anaphylactic reactions
B. Severe rashes and myalgia
C. Recurrent bacterial, fungal, and viral infections
D. Weight loss, rapid heartbeat, breathlessness
C. Recurrent bacterial, fungal, and viral infections
What screening test should be performed first in a young patient suspected of having an immune dysfunction disorder?
A. Complete blood count (CBC) and white cell differential
B. Chemotaxis assay
C. Complement levels
D. Bone marrow biopsy
A. Complete blood count (CBC) and white cell differential
Which test should be performed when a patient has a reaction to transfused plasma products?
A. Immunoglobulin levels
B. T-cell count
C. Hemoglobin levels
D. Red cell enzymes
A. Immunoglobulin levels
What is the “M” component in monoclonal gammopathies?
A. IgM produced in excess
B. µ Heavy chain produced in excess
C. Malignant proliferation of B cells
D. Monoclonal antibody or cell line
D. Monoclonal antibody or cell line
A child suspected of having an inherited humoral immunodeficiency disease is given diphtheria/ tetanus vaccine. Two weeks after the immunization, his level of antibody to the specific antigens is measured. Which result is expected for this patient if he/she indeed has a humoral deficiency?
A. Increased levels of specific antibody
B. No change in the level of specific antibody
C. An increase in IgG-specific antibody but not IgM-specific antibody
D. Increased levels of nonspecific antibody
B. No change in the level of specific antibody
Which disease may be expected to show an IgM spike on an electrophoretic pattern?
A. Hypogammaglobulinemia
B. Multicystic kidney disease
C. Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia
D. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
C. Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia
In testing for DiGeorge’s syndrome, what type of laboratory analysis would be most helpful in determining the number of mature T cells?
A. Complete blood count
B. Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test
C. T-cell enzyme assays
D. Flow cytometry
D. Flow cytometry
Interpret the following description of an immunofixation electrophoresis assay of urine. Dense wide bands in both the κ and λ lanes. No bands present in the heavy-chain lanes.
A. Normal
B. Light chain disease
C. Increased polyclonal Fab fragments
D. Multiple myeloma
C. Increased polyclonal Fab fragments
Free monoclonal light chains are often present in the serum of multiple myeloma patients, and may be useful for disease monitoring. Which of the following assays would be recommended to detect the presence of serum-free light chains?
A. Serum protein electrophoresis
B. Urine immunofixation
C. Nephelometry
D. ELISA
C. Nephelometry
What is measured in the CH50 assay?
A. RBC quantity needed to agglutinate 50% of antibody
B. Complement needed to lyse 50% of RBCs
C. Complement needed to lyse 50% of antibody sensitized RBCs
D. Antibody and complement needed to sensitize 50% of RBCs
C. Complement needed to lyse 50% of antibody sensitized RBCs
What type of disorders would show a decrease in C3, C4, and CH50?
A. Autoimmune disorders such as SLE and RA
B. Immunodeficiency disorders such as common variable immunodeficiency
C. Tumors
D. Bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic infections
A. Autoimmune disorders such as SLE and RA
All of the following tests measure phagocyte function except:
A. Leukocyte adhesion molecule analysis
B. Di Hydro rhodamine reduction assay
C. NBT test
D. IL-2 (interleukin-2) assay
D. IL-2 (interleukin-2) assay
