3.5 Metals

Question 1

Why do metals have a high melting/boiling point?

Answer 1

Strong electrostatic force of attraction between positive ions and delocalised electrons

Question 2

Explain term metallic bond?

Answer 2

Bond between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons

Question 3

Name 5 common factors of a metal?

Answer 3

malleable
ductile
strong and durable
conducts heat and electricity
high melting/boiling points

Question 4

Why are metals malleable?

Answer 4

The metal ions form layers which are able to slide over each other

Question 5

Define the term alloy?

Answer 5

A mixture between a metal and an element

Question 6

Define thermal decomposition?

Answer 6

When a chemical breaks down as a result of being heated

Question 7

What’s the equation for heating copper carbonate?

Answer 7

Copper Carbonate –> Copper Oxide + Carbon Dioxide

Question 8

What’s the colour change when copper carbonate is heated?

Answer 8

Green –> Black

Question 9

How can you test if carbon dioxide is a product when you heat copper carbonate?

Answer 9

Bubble through limewater, if turns cloudy then CO2 is present.

Question 10

When a metal combines with water what are the products?

Answer 10

Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen

Question 11

Why is potassium more reactive than lithium?

Answer 11

More shells
Weaker attraction
Easier to loose outer electrons

Question 12

What observations can you make when lithium is put in cold water with universal indicator?

Answer 12

Fizzing
Lithium moves on the surface of water.
Universal indicator goes form green to blue

Question 13

What observations can you make when sodium is put in cold water with universal indicator?

Answer 13

Fizzes
Melts into ball
Moves faster than lithium

Question 14

What observations can you make when potassium is put in cold water with universal indicator?

Answer 14

Fizzes pops and cracks
Sets on fire with a lilac flame
Sparks and releases smoke
High level of movement

Question 15

Give a list of most reactive elements. (start with most reactive)

Answer 15

Potassium, Sodium, Lithium, Calcium, Magnesium, Copper

Question 16

How’d you test for hydrogen gas?

Answer 16

Light a splint and place in gas, Squeaky pop sound should occur if H is present

Question 17

What’s is reduction in terms of electrons?

Answer 17

Gain of electrons

Question 18

What’s is oxidation in terms of electrons?

Answer 18

Loss of electrons

Question 19

List reactive metals in order? (most –> least)
(Can be formulae or word)

Answer 19

K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, C, Zn, Cr, Fe, Ni, Sn, Pb, Cu, Hg, Ag, Au, Pt

Question 20

What is an ore?

Answer 20

A rock containing a metal compound

Question 21

How to separate an ore?

Answer 21

Heat with Carbon

Question 22

Why can’t you heat Potassium with Carbon?

Answer 22

Because Potassium is more reactive than Carbon

Question 23

Give the formula for rusting?

Answer 23

Iron + Oxygen + Water –> Hydrated Iron (III) Oxide

Question 24

What 3 things speed up rusting?

Answer 24

Salt
Oxygen
Temperature

Question 25

What does oil stop when on top of a metal in water?

Answer 25

Oxygen from having contact with water