3.5 Laws of motion and momentum Flashcards
State Newton’s 1st law
An object will remain at rest or continue to move with constant velocity unless acted upon by a resultant force
State Newton’s 2nd law
The net (resultant) force acting on the object is directly proportional to the rate of change of its momentum, and is in the same direction
State Newton’s 3rd law
If object A exerts a force on object B, then object B exerts an equal and opposite force of the same type on object A
List the characteristics of ‘Newton’s 3rd law pair’ forces
Same magnitude, same type of force, same time duration, act on different bodies, act in opposite directions
Define linear momentum
The product of the mass of the object and its velocity
What are the SI units of momentum
kgms-1
Define impulse
The product of force and the time for which this force acts on an object
What is the link between impulse and momentum
Impulse of a force= change in momentum
What are the two possible units of impulse
Ns or kgms-1
How can impulse be determined from a force-time graph
The area under the line/ curve
How is momentum defined
The product of the mass of the object and its velocity
What are the units of momentum
kgms-1
Is momentum a scalar or vector quantity
Vector
State the principle of conservation of momentum
For a system of interacting objects, the total momentum in a specific direction remains constant as long as no external forces act on the system
Which two quantities are always conserved during a collision
Momentum
Total energy
