35) HIV

Question 1

How many people suffer from HIV worldwide? What is the most affected region?

Answer 1

• Around 37 million people worldwide live with HIV
• Sub-Saharan Africa is the most affected region
  
  • Likely due to the reduced education and infrastructure to prevent transmission
  • But why not other developed countries?

Question 2

Describe the origins of the HIV pandemic

Answer 2

• Thought to date back to 1920, where the first infection was in the Democratic Republic of Congo from chimpanzees to man
  
  • Around this time, there was industrialisation, so it was spread between people by road/rail
  • It is thought it existed even before this, however was a rural disease
    
    • People hunting / eating got infected and died of AIDs
      
      • Not person-to-person transmission

Question 3

Describe the diffrent groups of HIV

Answer 3

• M
  
  • ​Current global pandemic
• ​N, O and P
  
  • ​There have been isoalted incidents but never an epidemic / pandemic

Question 4

Describe the different clades of HIV

Answer 4

• M group has different clades / subgroups
• ​A, B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K and recombinant
  
  • ​No E
  • ​A = mostly in Asia
  • B = America and Western Europe
  • C = Central and Eastern Africa