3.5 - Government, Self Help And Charity

Question 1

When did the Andover workhouse scandal occur ?

Answer 1

1837

Question 2

How were they inmates being treated in the Andover workhouse

Answer 2

The work they had to do was hard and strenuous. The master and matron were strict and violent

Question 3

What replaces the poor law commission

Answer 3

The poor law board

Question 4

When did the government replace the poor law commission with the poor law board

Answer 4

In 1847

Question 5

What did they poor law board want to achieve

Answer 5

They wanted to overhaul the weakness of the poor law commission and in crease government involvement

Question 6

Who were on the poor law board

Answer 6

Several cabinet members who were on the board were ex-officio
The president of the board was an MP

Question 7

Those who were responsible for the poor law administration …

Answer 7

Were answerable to parliament and public opinion

Question 8

Number of commissioners increased from 9 to what

Answer 8

13

Question 9

What were some successes of the poor law board

Answer 9

Pauper hospitals
Forster’s Education Act 1870
Union Chargeability Act 1865

Question 10

Failures of the poor law board

Answer 10

Union chargeability act

Areas still needed outdoor relief

Question 11

What were the different groups

Answer 11

Charity organisation society
Friendly societies
Trade unions
Co-operatives

Question 12

Successes of the cos

Answer 12

Supported by influential people
Federal structure
Permanent benefit

Question 13

Failures of the cos

Answer 13

Only deserving would be helped
It was only temporary
Some areas made little effort to coordinate the work of charities

Question 14

Successes of friendly societies

Answer 14

Members would receive payment in times of sickness Death or unemployment
Helped workers to protect themselves
2.7 million members by 1877

Question 15

Failures of friendly societies

Answer 15

Entry we could become slightly expensive
Refuse membership to people who had a history of illness or over 40 or in dangerous jobs
Sometimes society is going to afford the payments

Question 16

Successes of trade unions

Answer 16

People could actually afford the membership of one shilling

It gave a range of benefits e.g. pension sickness death or unemployment pay

Question 17

Failures of trade unions

Answer 17

Not all unions were generous I could afford to give out benefits
Only skilled workers could afford the weekly subscription in some places

Question 18

Successes of cooperatives

Answer 18

They gave many working-class families ability to plan their finances
Cooperative society is allowed paupers to have regular dividends

Question 19

Failures of cooperatives

Answer 19

Dividend was based on the amount of money spent

Shops would not give credit this limited the membership

Question 20

Who are the three individuals

Answer 20

Charles Dickens
Samuel Smiles
Henry Mayhew

Question 21

What 2 key beliefs did Charles Dickens emphasise

Answer 21

For people who had their own hopes and desires

The workhouse system was a mindless institution that dehumanised clients and careers

Question 22

Who read his writings

Answer 22

Middle-class and illiterate poor

Question 23

What famous novel did he write on the workhouses

Answer 23

Oliver twist

Question 24

What belief did Samuel Smiles support/encourage

Answer 24

Self help

Question 25

What did he believe individuals had to do

Answer 25

He believed in individual reform where individuals have to change their own attitudes

Question 26

What series of articles did Henry Mayhew write

Answer 26

London Labour and the London poor