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Poor Law And Public Health > 3.3 Old Poor Law > Flashcards

3.3 Old Poor Law Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was responsible for looking after the poor until 1834

A

Philanthropist
Parish
Overseers

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2
Q

What was the poor rate

A

A compulsory tax to provide relief for the poor

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3
Q

Who appointed the parish members responsible for relief

A

Justices of the peace

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4
Q

Who would be an overseer of the poor

A

Lord of the manor
Churchwardens
Farmers

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5
Q

What did the settlement act of 1662 say

A

The parish responsible for the pauper was the one you were either born, married, served an apprenticeship or inherited property

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6
Q

A strength of of the old poor law

People were given …

A

A chance to work

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7
Q

Give a weakness of the old poor law

Funded …

A

By tax this could cause resentment from the tax payers

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8
Q

Who is someone who would be considered deserving poor

A

Poor thought no fault of their own

Eg sick or children

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9
Q

Who would be considered undeserving poor

A

Those whose poverty was the result of some sort of perceived moral failure such as drunk ness or prostitution

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10
Q

When was the old poor law replaced

A

1834

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11
Q

Impotent poor

A

Paupers who could not look after themselves even when times were good eg disabled

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12
Q

Idle poor

A

Those who refused to work and continued a life of begging or crime

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13
Q

Able-bodied poor

A

Paupers who wanted relief but were able to work

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14
Q

A strength of the old poor law

The overseers were being …

A

Replaced yearly so if someone wasn’t doing a good job then the poor had a chance of getting someone who could look after them better

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15
Q

A strength of the old poor law

They can distinguish …

A

Genuine need

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16
Q

A strength of the old poor law

People trusted …

A

The parish

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17
Q

A weakness of the old poor law …

unprofessional looked …

A

After them so they wouldn’t have much knowledge on how to care for the paupers

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18
Q

A weakness of the old poor law …

Local …

A

Crisis - bad harvest the whole parish would suffer

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19
Q

A weakness of the old poor law …

settlement Act is …

A

Confusing as it’s unclear where paupers should go

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20
Q

A weakness of the old poor law …

it’s up to the parish to decide….

A

Who gets relief and how much they get

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21
Q

Indoor relief is help for the poor…

A

Provided inside with in a house / institution

eg workhouses

22
Q

2 administrative changes William sturges-bourne made

A 
Set up a new voting system - upper class had more say on how the poor rate was spent 
Added a clergymen - who decided who was deserving and undeserving poor
23
Q

3 administrative changes Thomas Gilbert made

A

Able bodied poor were excluded from workhouses
Overseers were replaced by guardians
Guardians had to submit annual records to show poor relief expenditure (Gilbert records)

24
Q

Outdoor relief is help for the poor …

A

Provided by people outside of institutions (within the community) eg giving money, subsiding wages , food etc.

25
Q

What are the 3 systems of outdoor relief

A

Speenlham system
Roundsman system
Labour rate

26
Q

What was the speenlham system

A

It was an allowance system, it subsidised low wages

Eg by giving food depending on the number of people in the family

27
Q

Strength of the speenlham system

A

It was all over the south and east of Britain

It provided full employment in the north

28
Q

Weakness of the speenlham system

A

It never got legal backing so it was abandoned by 1815

29
Q

What is the roundsman system

A

It was a system that employed able bodied paupers

For the work they did they would receive wages

30
Q

Successes of the roundsman system

A

The work they had done helped them get relief as they were paid wages
It employed able bodied - helped them find work

31
Q

Weakness of the roundsman stystem

A

The farmers were corrupt and started exploiting the paupers

32
Q

What was the labour rate

A

It employed able bodied paupers and got rid of corruption in the roundsman system

33
Q

Strength of the labour rate

A

Stopped farmers being corrupt

34
Q

Weaknesses of the labour rate

A

Only 20% of parishes used it

35
Q

Reasoned the old poor law was opposed

A

Cost
The population was increasing
The quality of indoor relief was deteriorating
Not applied consistently across the country

36
Q

When was the swing riots

A

In 1830

37
Q

Why was there swing riots

A

Workers were losing their jobs to machines

38
Q

Consequences of the swing riots

A

400 transported to Australia
644 imprisoned
19 put to death

39
Q

The ending of the wars with France cause a greater …

A

Demand for poor relief as soldiers were struggling

40
Q

Between the years 1817-1819 poor relief expenditure had reached …

A

£8 million a year

41
Q

In cookham Berkshire they adopted …

A

Aggressive policies to lower cost and lower paupersim

42
Q

In Gloucestershire the introduced rigorous …

A

Reform this decreased the number of propers from 977 to 125

43
Q

In Gloucestershire what reforms did they make

A

Made workhouse conditions worse so only the desperate would seek admission

44
Q

In Nottinghamshire relief expenditure …

A

Was below the national average inn1820-1823

45
Q

What did reverend J T Bletcher want to do

A

He wanted to combine 49 parishes into 1

46
Q

What did George Nichols claim

A

The allowance systems helped poverty to continue

47
Q

What is utanitarianism

A

The greatest happiness for the greater number of people

48
Q

What do thomas Malthus argue

A

That the poor law made the situation worse because it encouraged paupers to have more children so that they could claim more relief

49
Q

David Ricardo introduced the …

A

Iron law of wages

50
Q

What is the iron law of wages

A

This is the belief that the poor rate and wages came out the same fund

51
Q

What did Thomas Paine think the rich should do

A

They should be taxed more to help with the poor relief

52
Q

What did Robert Owen create

A

His own community were he was responsible for employment and accommodation
Everyone would share profits

Poor Law And Public Health (6 decks)

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