3.4.5 taxonomy 3.4.6 biodiversity 3.4.7 investigating biodiversity

Question 1

species

Answer 1

similar organisms that can breed to produce fertile offspring

Question 2

classification of organisms

Answer 2

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 3

hierarchy

Answer 3

large groups divided into smaller groups with no overlap between the groups

Question 4

phylogenetic group

Answer 4

grouping of organisms based on evolutionary relations

Question 5

why is the offspring from two different species infertile

Answer 5

offspring will have an odd number of chromosomes therefore meiosis cant take place

Question 6

how does courtship behaviour increases successful mating

Answer 6

1. recognition of the same species due to similar behaviour
2. indication of sexual maturity
3. forming a pair bond
4. identification of a fertile and mature mate

Question 7

why is species recognition important in courtship

Answer 7

to ensure mating only takes place between the same species

Question 8

how is courtship behaviour used in classification

Answer 8

the more closely species are related the more similar their courtship behaviour will be

Question 9

biodiversity

Answer 9

variety of living organisms in an area

Question 10

habitat

Answer 10

place where an organism lives

Question 11

community

Answer 11

all the population of different species in a habitat

Question 12

species richness

Answer 12

a measure of the number of different species in a community

Question 13

how to determine species richness of a site

Answer 13

1. divide area into a grid using a tape meter and use random number generator to random select sampling sites.
2. place a quadrat at each random sampling site.
3. count the number of each different species in the quadrat and identify using identification cards.

Question 14

what does the index of diversity show us

Answer 14

the relationship between the number of species in a community and the number of individuals of each species.
the higher the number, the more diverse the area.

Question 15

formula for index of diversity and what does each letter stand for

Answer 15

d = N (N − 1) / Σn (n − 1)
N = total number of organisms of all species
n = total number of organisms of one species

Question 16

farming techniques that can reduce biodiversity

Answer 16

woodland clearing
hedgerow clearing
pesticides
herbicides
monocultures

Question 17

what is a monoculture

Answer 17

cultivation of a single species/ crop

Question 18

how does woodland/hedgerow removal reduce species diversity

Answer 18

decrease in variety of plants
fewer habitats
decrease in variety of food sources

Question 19

how doe pesticides reduce biodiversity

Answer 19

kill pests.
any species that feed on pests will lose their food source

Question 20

how do herbicides reduce biodiversity

Answer 20

reduce plant biodiversity.
reduce the number of organisms that feed on weeds

Question 21

how does a monoculture reduce biodiversity

Answer 21

single type of plant reduces biodiversity
fewer organisms will be supported due to lack of variety of food sources

Question 22

how can genetic diversity within species be made

Answer 22

the frequency of measurable or observable characteristics
the base sequence of DNA
the base sequence of mRNA
the amino acid sequence of proteins

Question 23

genetic factors that cause variation

Answer 23

different species have different genes
individual of the same species have the same genes but different alleles

Question 24

why does a population sample have to be random

Answer 24

to reduce bias

Question 25

what does standard deviation tell us

Answer 25

the measure of spread of values around the mean