3.4.5 Species and taxonomy Flashcards
species definition
organism with same/ common characteristic that could interbreed to produce fertile offspring
- Group of similar organisms / organisms with similar features / organisms with
same genes / chromosomes - reproduce / produce offspring
- that are fertile
classification definition
grouping of living organism into groups by characteristic
hybrid definition
two organism closely related interbreed to create non fertile off spring thats unable to make gametes
taxonomy definition
the theory and practise of biologically classifying and studying these groups and their hierarchical order
The importance of courtship behaviour (exam Q)
- Recognise / identify / attract same species (ensure mating between same species)
- Stimulates / synchronises mating / production / release of gametes; (age where have max probability of sperm meet an egg)
- Recognition / attraction of mate / opposite sex;
- Indication of (sexual) maturity / fertility / receptivity / readiness to mate;
- Formation of a pair bond / bond between two organisms (to have / raise
young). (long lasting relationship)
the name of group in phylogenetic classification
taxon/ taxa (plural)
definition of phylogenetic classification (exam Q)
system that arrange species into groups based on their evolutionary links / history / relationships /common ancestry; , use of hierarchy
hierarchy definition (exam Q)
smaller groups within group
without overlapping
order of taxa
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
the universal identification - binomial
genus (capital), species (GS)
difference between 3 domain
Bacteria
no membrane bounded organelles
unicellular
70s ribosome
cell wall (murein)
single loop of DNA (no histone)
Archaea
no membrane bounded organelles
gene and protein synthesis similar to eukaryotes
membrane (fatty acid chain attached to glycerol by ester linkage)
70s ribosome
cell wall (no murein)
complex RNA polymerase
Eukarya
membrane bounded organelles
membrane (fatty acid chain attached to glycerol by ester linkage)
some have cell wall (not meurin)
80s ribosome
definition of hierarchical classification
living world organize into series of ranked group
brief description of two type of classification
analogous characteristic (same function but different evolutionary origin)
homologous characteristic (similar origin regardless of function)
what method to determine phylogenetic relationship between species
structural similarity
DNA
fossil record
How do you know that there is a significant difference or not?
Overlap
Farmer are now being encouraged to reply and hedges on the land
Suggest explain one advantage and one disadvantage of a farmer to re-planting hedges on her farmland
Greater biodiversity so increased in predators of pests
Increase in predator of past so more yield/income/less pesticide/less damage to plants
Increased in pollinators, so more yield /income
May attract more tourists /subsides to the farm so more income
Reduce land area for crop growth /income
Greater biodiversity, so increased pests population
Increase pest population, so less yield/ less income/need for pesticides/damage to crops
Increased interspecific competition so less yield/ income
More difficult to farm so less income
Describe how you would collect a random sample of a population
Generation of random coordinate
Use of 10 or more quadrants
Collection of the population in quadrant if possible, if not then count
DeForest was cleared to make more land available for agriculture
Why After the forest was cleared the species diversity of insect in the area decreased
Decrease in variety of plants/ fewer plant species
Fewer habitat
Decrease in variety of food / fewer food, source
why hybrid animal are usually infertile.
odd number of chromosome
Chromosomes cannot pair / are not homologous / chromosome
number cannot be halved / meiosis cannot occur / sex cells /
haploid cells are not produced;
