3.4.3. Tobacco and Smoking Cessation Flashcards
military personnel ________ likely as civilians to use smokeless tobacco
military personnel more than twice as likely as civilians to use smokeless tobacco
Relationship between smoking and rank
inverse relationship between smoking prevalence and military rank (lower rank = more smokers)
Smoking by branch
Army 27%
Navy 24%
MC 31%
AF 17%
every day, nearly ____ youth try smoking and ____ become regular smokers (education has reduced this data a lot)
every day, nearly 4,000 youth try smoking and 1,000 become regular smokers (education has reduced this data a lot)
almost 90% adult smokers began when?
almost 90% adult smokers began by 18 years of age
Ethnic background vs smoking
- 8% American Indians/Alaska Natives
- 7% whites
- 1% African Americans
- 9% Hispanic
- 7% Asians (including Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders)
World Cigarette Consumption
48% western pacific
24% Europe
11% Americas
8% South East Asia
6% Eastern Mediterranean
3% Africa
Non-neoplastic Bronchopulmonary Diseases (e.g. COPD) can cause death in smokers. How often?
Non-neoplastic Bronchopulmonary Diseases (e.g. COPD (third leading contributor to mortality associated with cigarette smoking))
What percent of bronchopulmonary diseases are secondary to smoking?
80-90% of these diseases are due to smoking
5 problems with babies who had smoking moms, and I don’t mean smoking hot.
babies born to women who smoke during pregnancy are on average 200g lighter (and have
- decreased body length
- chest circumference
- head circumference
- abnormal lung development)
This finding is associated with mothers who smoke
nicotine is found in the breast milk of smokers
smoking + oral contraceptives can increase risks of ______by 10 fold
smoking + oral contraceptives can increase risks of cardiovascular disease by 10 fold
What are we worried about with post menopausal women and smoking
post-menopausal women smokers tend to have decreased bone density and increased risk for hip fractures
What condition with men increases due to smoking?
Men: smoking has been associated with erectile dysfunction
What is third hand smoke
third-hand smoke: contamination remains as toxins that lingers on surfaces and materials (carpets and clothes) for hours and days after cigarette is extinguished and build up over time.
Mortality: single most important factor contributing to premature mortality in the US (and it’s a preventable cause!)
Prematurity mortality ratio with smoking?
2.0
increases with amount smoked
increases with duration of smoking
every ____ seconds someone dies from tobacco use
every 6 seconds someone dies from tobacco use
tobacco kills 2x more Americans than what?
tobacco kills 2x more Americans than AIDS, alcohol, auto accidents, homicides, drugs and suicides combined
What was the silver screen in smoking?
the silver screen in 1920s: tobacco a symbol of masculinity and strength
Discuss the image of smoking from the 20s through the 60s
the silver screen in 1920s: tobacco a symbol of masculinity and strength
1950s→ when smoking was first considered dangerous: you have to be a tough guy to smoke (rebellious image)
1960s→ heros of silver screen replaced with rock bands, Rolling Stones and the Beatles, also smokers
What are hooks?
hooks: devices or techniques used to appeal to target audience, i.e. implying you will get something if you buy their product, like happiness or sex appeal
What are messages?
messages: what the ad is really saying in words and in pictures (overt and covert)
Salient vs subliminal
Relate it to the message of the ad
Marlboro: the Marlboro man→ appeals to men and boys
salient (what you see): Marlboro man
subliminal (the background): clear sky and snow
message:→ you are manly and smoking is clean like a clear sky and white snow if you smoke Marlboros
Number one reason given for why people smoke?
to relax or calm down 75.3% (nicotine has bimodal action→ can bring us up when we are down, and down when we are up)
