340 exam 2 Flashcards
motivations
processes that account for an person intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal
3 key elements of motivation
- intensity
- direction
- persistence
intensity
concerned w how hard a person tries
- how hard a person works
direction
orientation that benefits the organization
- what a person does
persistence
measure of how long a person can maintain their effort
- how long a person works
motivation process
- energizing behavior
- directing behavior
- sustaining behavior
- feedback
Maslow’s Hiearchy of Needs
theory that belief needs need to be filled from the bottom and then made it was to the top
(bottom to top)
1. physiological
2. safety
3. social
4. esteem
5. self-actualization
1st level Maslow’s
physiological - hunger, thirst, shelter
2nd level Maslow’s
safety - security and protection from physical and emotional harm
3rd level Maslow’s
social belonging - affection, love, belonging, friends, family
4th level Maslow’s
esteem - self-respect, autonomy, achievement
5th level Maslow’s
self-actualization - drive to become what we can become
two-factor theory in Traditional view
- satisfaction
- dissatisfaction
Two-factor theory in Herzberg’s view
- motivators
- internal factors
- increase satisfaction
- ex: achievement, recognition, growth - hygiene factors
- more external factors
- reduces dissactisfactions
- ex: company policies, work conditions, security, salary
McClelland’s Theory of Needs
theory that explains how ppl are driven by 3 main needs
1. achievement
2. affiliation
3. power
Need for Achievement
(McClelland’s Theory)
drive to excel, to achieve in relation to a set of standards, to strive to succeed
Need for power
(McClelland’s Theory)
the need to make others behavior in way that they would not have otherwise
- high power ppl = like to be in charge, strive for influence, and enjoy competitive situations
need for affiliation
(McClelland’s Theory)
desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships
contemporary theories
process that people prefer to feel when they have control over their actions
UNCLEAR
self-determination theory
The idea that people who are paid for work feel less like they WANT to do it and more like they HAVE to do it
Intrinsic motivation
gain satisfaction from the task itself
extrinsic motivation
satisfaction from gaining an outcome based of performance
- ex: money, raise, bonuses
Goal-setting theory
Is the idea that individual’ goals usually direct a person action
- cognitive approach
goals
tell one what needs to be done and how much effort is needed
- specific goals = ↑ performance
- difficult goals (when accepted) = ↑ performance
- feedback = ↑