3.4 - Reacting quantities Flashcards
What is meant by stoichiometry?
The ratio of the amount, in moles, of each substance in each chemical reaction
What is meant by theoretical yield?
The yield resulting from complete conversion of reactants into products
What is meant by the actual yield?
The amount of product obtained from a reaction
How do you calculate percentage yield?
(actual yield / theoretical yield ) x 100
Give three examples why the theoretical yield is difficult to achieve
- Incomplete reaction
- Side reactions
- Purification of the produce may result in loss of some product
What is meant by a limiting reagent?
The reactant that is not in excess, which will be used up first and stop the reaction
How do you calculate atom economy?
(sum of molar masses of desired products/ sum of molar masses of all products) x 100
What do reactions with high atom economies produce?
A large proportion of desired products and few unwanted waste products
How is calculating atom economy beneficial?
- It reduces reactions with low atom economies
- Improving atom economy makes industrial processes more efficient, preserves raw materials, and reduces waste
What is the atom economy for an ideal chemical process?
100%
