3.4 AIDS/Vaccines Flashcards
type ___ hypersensitivity reaction involves IgE
I
Type __ hypersensitivity is Organ or cell specific
II
_______ is a disease in which a person develops anti-thyroid antibody
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
_____ is a disease in which a person develops antibodies to intercellular substance of the epithelium
Pemphigus Vulgaris
______________ is a diseaese in which someone develops antibodies to RBCS
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
antibodies to RBC react against the __ antigen expressed by RBC
I
____________ is a disease in which someone develops an antibody to basement membrane
Mucous membrane pemphigoid
__________ is a disease in which a person has an antibody to AcH receptor
Myasthenia gravis
what are examples of Type II hypersensitivity diseases?
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Pemphigus Vulgaris
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Mucous membrane pemphigoid
Myasthenia gravis
Type ___ hypersensitivity reactions are NON-organ specific
III
a type III hypersensitivity disease is _____
Lupus erythematosus
Type IV diseases involve ____ and ____
CMI and T-cell mediated diseases
in type 1 diabetes,_______________ are destroyed by cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells
Beta cells in islets of Langerhans
what is the most common AID?
rheumatoid arthritis
what are 2 possible treatments for Type IV hypersensitivity diseases?
- antibody to TNF-alpha
- Anti-CD20 antibody
which types of hypersensitivity reactions can be associated with autoimmune diseases?
II, III, IV
is there a correlation between type I reactions and AIDs?
NO
_______ immunity is received when you are exposed to microbe or its products
Active
what are the natural and artificial ways you can acquire active acquired immunity?
-Natural: develops after recovering from an infection
-Artificial: intentional administration of toxoids (tetanus)
what is the duration of immunity like in killed vaccines vs live vaccines?
-killed vaccines = short lived immunity
- live vaccine = long lived immunity
what type of vaccine is dangerous to immunosuppressed people?
live vaccine
______ imunity is given through administration of preformed ABs such as anti-toxins or human gammaglobulin
Passive
what are the natural and artificial ways you can acquire passive immunity?
-Natural: placental transfer of anti bodies
-Artificial: anti-toxins (tetanus), human gammaglobulin, select monoclonal antibodies
is immunity limited or infinite with passive immunity?
limited
______ are substances that non-specifically enhance the immune response by:
Adjuvants
how do adjuvants work? (2 ways)
- causeProlonged exposure to antigen
- Initiating inflammatory response at site of inoculation
what are 3 examples of adjuvants?
- Alum (part of HepB vax)
- Freunds adjuvant (animal use only)
- Matrix M (tree bark for COVID19 NOVAvax)
______ = donor and recipient are same person
Autograft
______ = donor and recipient are genetically identical
Isograft
_________ = donor and recipient are of same species but genetically different
Allograft
______ = donor and recipient are of different species
Xenograft
acute graft rejections are mediated by ______
t-cells
hyperacute graft rejections are mediated by ______
antibodies
what type of reaction is hyperacute graft rejection an example of?
type II
_________occurs when donor lymphocytes in the donor graft attack recipient cells
Graft vs Host disease
if you are blood type A, you have __ antibodies, and ___ antigens
Anti-B antibodies
A antigen
if you are blood type AB, you have __ antibodies, and ___ antigens
NO ANTIBODIES
A and B antigens
if you are blood type O, you have __ antibodies, and ___ antigens
Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies
NO ANTIGENS
__________ can occur when a pregnant woman (Rh-) has anti-D/IgG antibody to Rh) and her fetus is _____
Erythroblastosis fetalis, Rh+
Rh antigens: found on RBC of ___% population in US
85%
