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Chemistry > 3.3.1 introduction to organic chemistry > Flashcards

3.3.1 introduction to organic chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is displayed formula?

A

shows every bond and shows what atoms are attached in a compound

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2
Q

What is structural formula?

A

How atoms are arranged in a molecule and shows which functional groups are present. only shows double bonds

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3
Q

What is skeletal formula?

A

shows the carbon chain. only shows elements that are not carbon or hydrogen.

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4
Q

What is molecular formula?

A

Shows all atoms in a molecule

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5
Q

What is Empirical formula?

A

Simplest ratio of atoms

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6
Q

Define homologous series

A

A set of organic compounds with the same functional group and similar chemical properties but different carbon chain length.

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7
Q

What is a functional group?

A

An atom or group of atoms which are responsible for the characteristic reactions of that molecule.

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8
Q

Functional group for haloalkanes and suffix.

A

c-any element
suffix = none

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9
Q

Functional group for alcohol and suffix.

A

C - OH
suffix = ol

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10
Q

Functional group for aldehydes and suffix.

A

C - C= O -H
Suffix = al

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11
Q

Functional group for Ketones and suffix.

A

C = O - C
Suffix = one

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12
Q

List the priority of functional groups with the highest priority to lowest.

A

Carboxylic acid
ester
aldehyde
Ketone
alcohol
alkenes
halogenoalkanes
alkanes

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13
Q

Give the formula for alkanes

A

Cn H2n+2

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14
Q

Give the 3 rules for naming branched alkanes.

A
  1. State position of branch (lowest number possible)
  2. more than one branch name alphabetically.
  3. branch can not exist at the end of a chain
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15
Q

Give the formula for alkenes

A

Cn H2n

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16
Q

What is the difference between ketones and aldehydes

A

Aldehydes C=O is at end of chain

17
Q

Define structural isomerism.

A

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.

18
Q

Define chain isomerism.

A

A straight chain or branched chain with the same molecular formula.

19
Q

Define positional isomerism.

A

Same molecular formula and functional group but the functional group is attached to the main chain at different positions.

20
Q

Define functional group isomerism.

A

same molecular formula but different functional group

21
Q

What are stereoisomers?

A

Compounds with the same structural formula but different arrangements in space.

Chemistry (3 decks)

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