3.3.1 introduction to organic chemistry

Question 1

What is displayed formula?

Answer 1

shows every bond and shows what atoms are attached in a compound

Question 2

What is structural formula?

Answer 2

How atoms are arranged in a molecule and shows which functional groups are present. only shows double bonds

Question 3

What is skeletal formula?

Answer 3

shows the carbon chain. only shows elements that are not carbon or hydrogen.

Question 4

What is molecular formula?

Answer 4

Shows all atoms in a molecule

Question 5

What is Empirical formula?

Answer 5

Simplest ratio of atoms

Question 6

Define homologous series

Answer 6

A set of organic compounds with the same functional group and similar chemical properties but different carbon chain length.

Question 7

What is a functional group?

Answer 7

An atom or group of atoms which are responsible for the characteristic reactions of that molecule.

Question 8

Functional group for haloalkanes and suffix.

Answer 8

c-any element
suffix = none

Question 9

Functional group for alcohol and suffix.

Answer 9

C - OH
suffix = ol

Question 10

Functional group for aldehydes and suffix.

Answer 10

C - C= O -H
Suffix = al

Question 11

Functional group for Ketones and suffix.

Answer 11

C = O - C
Suffix = one

Question 12

List the priority of functional groups with the highest priority to lowest.

Answer 12

Carboxylic acid
ester
aldehyde
Ketone
alcohol
alkenes
halogenoalkanes
alkanes

Question 13

Give the formula for alkanes

Answer 13

Cn H2n+2

Question 14

Give the 3 rules for naming branched alkanes.

Answer 14

1. State position of branch (lowest number possible)
2. more than one branch name alphabetically.
3. branch can not exist at the end of a chain

Question 15

Give the formula for alkenes

Answer 15

Cn H2n

Question 16

What is the difference between ketones and aldehydes

Answer 16

Aldehydes C=O is at end of chain

Question 17

Define structural isomerism.

Answer 17

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.

Question 18

Define chain isomerism.

Answer 18

A straight chain or branched chain with the same molecular formula.

Question 19

Define positional isomerism.

Answer 19

Same molecular formula and functional group but the functional group is attached to the main chain at different positions.

Question 20

Define functional group isomerism.

Answer 20

same molecular formula but different functional group

Question 21

What are stereoisomers?

Answer 21

Compounds with the same structural formula but different arrangements in space.