3.3 unit 4

Question 1

explain repeat offending?

Answer 1

when offenders fail to rehabilitate so turn to crime again
this means social control has faiuled as the crime cycle has continued can become a vicous cycle

Question 2

examine repeat offending?

Answer 2

-reoffending rate 25.5% (NS ‘22)
-recidivism means increasing prison population, which increases more costs
-could suggest prison is becoming a university of crime (imitating)
- juvenille offenders 34.2% reoffending

Question 3

explain civil liberties and legal barriers?

Answer 3

civil liberties: our rights and freedoms eg prohibition of torture, freedom of expression
legal barriewrs: legislation in place to uphold rights of suspect/ evidence rules

Question 4

examine legal barriers?

Answer 4

protests eg Southport, 2011 riots show freedom of expression but can cause damage and riots #
24 hour detainment, hearsay evidence, confession laws, ‘no comment’ makes it harder to prosecute someone so social control may not be achieved

Question 5

explain access to resources and support?

Answer 5

prison- punish but also rehabilitate offenders such as help with addiction and education (limited access)
probation- not enough staff, low housing no support for mental health

Question 6

examine access to resources and support?

Answer 6

short sentences- not enough time to rehabilitate, usually a waitlist
don’t have same inspections on resources as outside does so may not be a good quality
not enough prison officers to monitor enrichment
not enough funding on release, therefore offenders resort to crime - e.g. Friday release
only 17% employed within a year of release

Question 7

explain finance?

Answer 7

government funding in recent years means massive cuts to the CJS agencies resulting in strike action. If no one is in prisons or police social control can not be effectively achieved

Question 8

examine finance?

Answer 8

lack of funding means prioritising certain crimes
less people to enforce the law
investigations cuts leads to not enough evidence to prosecute/ unsolved crime
apart from homicide other areas have low budget
lab tests expensive, if these cant be done vital evidence may not be found
downgrading charges- decrease seriousness means they are dealt with quicker and easier/ cheaper

Question 9

explain local and national policies?

Answer 9

police prioritization- limited budget, have local targets and national aims lead to more being focused on than others
can be influenced by current cabinet/ government

Question 10

examine local and national policies?

Answer 10

when focused on 1 crime others end up neglected which can lead to broken widows theory. usually small scale
eg Nottinghamshire Tackling violence against women and girls
Tackling knife crime and serious violence
moral panics- scares public, police focus on that issue eg; mods and rockers, dangerous dogs ban on American XL Bully dogs in December 2023 in response to increased reports of injuries and deaths caused by dogs

Question 11

explain crimes committed by those with moral imperatives?

Answer 11

when people feel morally compelled to act and break the law. individuals often feel what they’re doing is good and benefitting society

Question 12

examine crimes committed by those with a moral imperative?

Answer 12

kay gilderdale- helped daughter commit suicide who had chronic fatigue syndrome
suffragettes- women’s voting rights, burned down the houses of politicians
animal rights- burn down labs that test on animals
undeterred by punishment’s if you believe its right
durkheim- adaptation and change