3.3 Equilibrium Flashcards
3.3a- Reversible Reactions
Symbol for a reversable reaction?
⇌
3.3b- Equilibrium
At equilibrium
WORD FOR WORD
- Rate of forward reaction = rate of reverse reaction
- Concentrations of reactants & products remain constant though not necessarily equal
3.3c- Shifting Eqilibrium Position
What happened if there was an increase in:
* Products
* Reactants
- Equilibrium has shifted right
- Equilibrium has shifted left
3.3c- Shifting Equilibrium Position
What has an impact on Equilibrium Position
- Concentration
- Pressure
- Temperature
3.3c- Shifting Equilibrium Position
What reactions are favoured by:
* Increasing tempreature
* Decreasing temperature
- Endothermic
- Exothermic
3.3c- Shifting Equilibrium Position
What sides are favoured by:
* Increasing pressure
* Decreasing pressure
- Less moles
- More moles
Don’t be a choob
3.3c- Shifting Equilibrium Position
What state reactions are affected by pressure changes?
Gases only!
3.3c- Shifiting Equilibrium Position
How does pressure affect reactions with the same Number of Moles on both sides
Nothing
3.3c- Shifiting Equilibrium Position
What effect does a catalyst have on Equilibrium?
There’s the same decrease in activation energy for both forward & backwards reactions. Therefore a catalyst doesn’t alter the position of Equilibrium. It does however speed up the rate at which equilibrium is attained.
3.3c- Shifting Equilibrium Position
Effect of Neutralisation on:
Cl2 + H2O ⇌ 2H+ + ClO- + Cl-
- Adding NaOH removes H+
- Equilibrium moves right to replace them
3.3c- Shifting Equilibrium Position
Effect of Precipitation on:
Cl2 + H2O ⇌ 2H+ + ClO- + Cl-
- Adding AgNO3 removes Chloride ions as AgCl is formed
- AgNO3 removes any Halide (Group 7 ions)
3.3d- Equilibrium in Industry
Effect of concentration on:
N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3
3.3d- Equilibrium in Industry
Effect of pressure on:
N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3
3.3d- Equilibrium in Industry
Effect of temperature on:
N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3
3.3d- Equilibrium in Industry
Effect of a catalyst on:
N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3
