3.3 Cities Change Over Time And City Land Use

Question 1

Urbanisation

Answer 1

Increase of proportion of population living in urban areas

Question 2

When did developed countries cities grow?

Answer 2

During the industrial revolution (1760-1850)

Workers lived in small terraced houses around factories

Question 3

When did emerging countries cities grow?

Answer 3

In the 1970s and 80s when factories moved there

Question 4

Suburbanisation

Answer 4

The movement of people from the middle of the city to the edges
When this happens urban areas grow massively
Early 20th century in developed countries

Question 5

Why people move to suburbs?

Answer 5

Urban areas crowded and polluted

More transport so can commute to work

Question 6

De-Industrialisation

Answer 6

Manufacturing moving out of an area
Happens as countries develop as out of city rent is cheaper and overseas cheaper
Can lead to de population
City centre and industrial zones on edge of city decline - unemployment - shops close

Question 7

Counter-Urbanisation

Answer 7

Movement of people away from large urban areas

In many developed countries began in 1970s and 80s

Question 8

Why does counter urbanisation occur

Answer 8

May have higher quality of life in urban areas and houses cheaper
More car ownership and public transport
Better communication and internet mean work from home or commute

Question 9

Regeneration

Answer 9

Work done on urban areas in decline to reverse the effect of suburbanisation, de and counter urbanisation to cause re-urbanisation

Question 10

How and what happens in regeneration?

Answer 10

Governments and private companies invest in new developments; flats, office blocks and upgrade infrastructure
Attracts new business and young people who want to live close to work with good entertainment

Question 11

Land use in cities can have different purposes

Answer 11

Commercial - offices, hotels , shopping
Industrial - factories, warehouses
Residential - houses

Question 12

What do you find in the CBD?

Answer 12

Has commercial buildings and public buildings

Where the highest density of buildings and meeting of roads

Question 13

Inner city

Answer 13

Mainly residential but not overly expensive and older industry
Terraced housing and large factories

Question 14

Surburbs

Answer 14

Mainly residential medium class housing
Curved streets

Question 15

Rural urban fringe

Answer 15

Mix of commercial business parks and residential high class housing.

Question 16

Accessibility

Answer 16

City centres very accessible on main train, bus and road network
Shops and offices here as accessible to many people
Some business now on edge of city near motorway junctions

Question 17

Planning Regulations

Answer 17

City planners try to control how cities develop by saying what types of buildings can be built in different areas
Strict planning regulations in city centres
Strict regulations on rural urban fringe to stop city going into countryside

Question 18

Availability

Answer 18

City centre little land high demand buildings built taller
Brownfield land on old industrial centres redeveloped
Lots of space on edge of city where estates and shopping centre can be built if allowed

Question 19

Cost

Answer 19

City centre highest land price, falls as leave city
So few houses in centre
Houses get bigger as leave city as land cheaper