3.2.4.3 Ethics in sport

Question 1

Sportsmanship

Answer 1

conforming to the unwritten rules/spirit/etiquette of sport
displays good sporting ethics
showing respect to your opponents

Question 2

4 examples of sportsmanship

Answer 2

1-shaking hands with umpire/opponent
2-helping players that have fallen/cross finish
3-owning up to fouls
4-stop play for injuries

Question 3

Gamesmanship

Answer 3

bending rules/stretching to limit without being caught (unethical)
dubious methods to achieve desired result = adv
increases chances of winning

Question 4

4 examples of gamesmanship

Answer 4

1-pulling opponents shirt
2-sledging/psyching opponent
3-unnecessary injury time/time waste/delay play
4-diving into penalty area to win free kick

Question 5

4 reasons why gamesmanship occurs?

Answer 5

1-pressure
2-no punishment
3-sport = losing sportsmanship
4-lack positive role models

Question 6

6 ways to prevent gamesmanship:

Answer 6

1. reward fair play e.g. UEFA fair play award
2. punishment on/off filed (sending off/bans/fines)
3. NGBs = new rules (banning high/late tackles)
4. technology after a game=correct decision
5. NGBs = campaigns e.g. FA respect
6. positive role models

Question 7

amateurism definition

Answer 7

participation in sport for the love of it
receiving no financial gain based on athleticism concept
e.g. Olympics originally amateur event taken part in by people who weren’t full time athletes

Question 8

olympic oath definiton

Answer 8

set of behaviours
promise made by one athlete, one official and one coach
agree to uphold
before taking part in olympics (opening ceremony)
introduced by Baron de Coubertin in 1920

e.g. competing within true spirit of sportsmanship

Question 9

win ethic

Answer 9

desire to push the boundaries of ethics in order to win

e.g. being willing to place yourself in dangerous position in order to win

Question 10

positive deviance

Answer 10

action which goes beyond the expected levels

e. g. continuing to train even when injured despite being told by coach not to
e. g. striving to win accidentally/without internet injuries another player

Question 11

negative deviance

Answer 11

action which falls below the expected levels

e. g. not turning up for a pre-season training session
e. g. taking PEDs

Question 12

4 reasons Olympic Oath is relevant ?

Answer 12

1-punished/lose medals = disqualified
2-celebration of best athletic abilities
3-spectators booing (shamed)
4-viewed by lots as a festival of sport (fair play/ sportsmanship evident)

Question 13

4 reasons Olympic Oath irrelevant ?

Answer 13

1-cheat/doping exists e.g.Phillip Hindes “fall off” bike
2-caught on drugs = allowed back in Olympics
3-“win at all costs” dominates = sponsor/ fame = cheating/doping
4-gov focus on boost state sponsorship/image boost from medals

Question 14

5 ways the win ethic is evident in modern day sport

Answer 14

1. managers and coaches sacked if failing to win
2. certain sports = only win or lose no draw
3. increased deviance (violence,aggression,cheating)
4. media praise winners
5. media negativity for losers

Question 15

5 reasons why the win ethic has developed?

Answer 15

1-pressure sponsors & coaches
2-prize money/titles/cups at stake 
3-"levelling playing field"
4-negative role models 
5-got away with it without punishment

Question 16

deviance

Answer 16

behaviour that goes against the norms of society

Question 17

discuss suggestion there has been a decline in sportsmanship since late 19th century

Answer 17

sportsmanship
e.gPEDs,fouling,unnecessary injury time, sledging
e.g. shake hands, stopping play for injury, help opponents cross finish lines
Olympics = high morals = Olympic Oath

pressure
win ethic
fame and fortune

Question 18

concept of athleticism

Answer 18

physical endeavour with moral integrity

Question 19

simulation

Answer 19

trying to deceive an official by over acting

e.g. diving to win a free kick

Question 20

ways to encourage sportsmanship

Answer 20

1. NGB campaigns
2. fair play awards = +ve role models
3. technology = decisions
4. NGB rules
5. punishments (on field and after event)
6. drug testing