3.2 The classification and transfer of skills Flashcards
What is a motor skill?
A skill that takes place when moving.
What are the characteristics of a skill?
learned, accurate, efficient, technical, predetermined, controlled, precision, co-ordination, aesthetic
Define skill.
Learned ability to bring about predetermined results with maximum certainty and often with minimum outlay of time or energy or both
What is a gross skill?
A skill that requires large muscle movements. e.g rugby tackle
What is a fine skill?
A skill that requires very few muscles and is intricate and accurate.
What is an externally passed skill?
Timing of skill is controlled by the opposition.
What is an internally paced skill?
Timing of skill is controlled by the performer.
What is a discrete skill?
A skill that has a clear start and end.
What is a serial skill?
A skill that has multiple discrete skills in it.
What is a continuous skill?
A skill that has no distinct beginning or end.
What is an open skill?
A skill occurring where the environment is always changing.
What is closed skill?
A skill occurring where the environment stays the same.
What does transfer mean?
The influence of one skill on the performance of another.
What is Positive transfer?
When learning in one task is enhanced by learning in another task.
What is negative transfer?
When learning of one task is interfered with the knowledge of a similar activity.
What is zero transfer?
No transfer at all may occur even between skills which appear to be similar.
What is proactive transfer?
Influence of one skill on a skill yet to be learned.
What is retroactive transfer?
Influence of one skill on a skill that has previously been learned.
What is bilateral transfer?
Transfer which takes place from one limb to another.
How may a coach optimise transfer of learning?
use different practices, emphasise transferable elements, tell performer about transfer to heighten awareness, ensure building of schema, ensure training is relevant, give distributed and well planned practice sessions.
What is stimulus generalisation?
When the desired response is linked to a particular stimulus.
