[3.2] Materials in Clinical Laboratory

Question 1

A substance which something is made or can be made

Answer 1

Material

Question 2

It is used for the reliable collection, separation, storage, and transport of blood.

Answer 2

Blood Bag

Question 3

They are used to collect and separate the three different blood components (plasma, red cells, buffy coat).

Answer 3

Triple top and bottom blood bags

Question 4

Each blood bag is composed of?

Answer 4

Anti-coagulant additive solution, primary bag, platelets transfer bag and donor needle gauge

Question 5

It is a single-use, sterile, winged blood collection needle bonded to a flexible tubing with a lure connector. Used in phlebotomy procedures.

Answer 5

Blood Infusion Set

Question 6

Blood Collection is done by __________
Blood transfusion is done by ___________

Answer 6

Medical Technologists
Nurses

Question 7

What actions are necessary to do before blood transfusion?

Answer 7

Blood typing and Cross matching

Question 8

It is used in forward blood typing procedures and blood banking

Answer 8

Blood Typing Sera

Question 9

Type of blood typing sera:
Anti A:

Answer 9

Blue

Question 10

Type of blood typing sera:
Anti B:

Answer 10

Yellow

Question 11

Type of blood typing sera:
Anti D:

Answer 11

White

Question 12

What are the two Blood Group System?

Answer 12

ABO Blood Group System and RH Blood Group System

Question 13

Who developed the ABO Blood Group System?

Answer 13

Karl Landsteiner

Question 14

Landsteiner Rule

Answer 14

• A person does not have an antibody to his own antigen
• Each personhadtheantibodytotheantigenthat he/she lacks

Question 15

Where are the ABO Blood Group antigens located?

Answer 15

On the surface of the red blood cell (RBC)

Question 16

Where are the ABO Blood Group antibodies located?

Answer 16

located in the plasma

Question 17

It is used to collect samples of liquids, which
will flow up into the tubes against the effects of gravity in a process called capillary action.

Answer 17

Capillary Tube

Question 18

It is used to puncture the skin, and blood will go through the capillary tube

Answer 18

Lancet Needle

Question 19

Best site for skin puncture:

Answer 19

lateral or medial plantar surface of the heel, or third or fourth finger of the non-dominant hand

Question 20

A counting-chamber device originally designed and
usually used for counting blood cells.

Answer 20

Hemocytometer

Question 21

The manual method of counting blood cells for confirmatory testing

Answer 21

Hemocytometer

Question 22

Specific mixtures of nutrients and other substances that support the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi (e.g. yeasts and molds).

Answer 22

Culture Media/Growth Media

Question 23

The standard equipment used for routine venipuncture. It consists of a needle syringe, a tube holder, and an air-evacuated tube

Answer 23

Evacuated Tube System

Question 24

Type of Evacuated Tube that stores plasma (“unclotted” liquid portion of the blood)

Answer 24

Evacuated Tubes with Anticoagulant

Question 25

Type of Evacuated Tube that stores clotted liquid portion of the blood

Answer 25

Evacuated Tubes with no Anticoagulant

Question 26

A hollow needle commonly used with a syringe to inject substances into the body or extract fluids from it

Answer 26

Hypodermic Needle and Syringe

Question 27

The gauge number of the needle is __________ proportional with / or to the size of the bore (hole)

Answer 27

inversely

Question 28

Needles with gauge numbers ranging from ______ are used for venipuncture; while needle with a ____ gauge number is used for pediatric patients

Answer 28

19-23 while 23

Question 29

Used to enhance contrast in samples, generally at the microscopic level

Answer 29

Staining Dyes

Question 30

What are the three types of stains? Differentiate each.

Answer 30

1. Simple Stain- Only make us of a single stain 2. Differential Stain- Used to differentiate and contrast specimen 3. Special Stain- Used to stain specific part of the bacteria (e.g. flagella, spores, capsules) or specific parts of the body (e.g. collagen in calcium in tissues)

Question 31

Used to differentiate gram-positive from gram negative bacteria

Answer 31

Gram Stain

Question 32

What are the four components of gram stain?

Answer 32

- Crystal Violet Stain - Grams Iodine - Alcohol - Safranin

Question 33

It has a thick layer of peptidoglycan/PTG

Answer 33

Gram Postive

Question 34

It has a thin layer of PTG

Answer 34

Gram Negative

Question 35

A device used to apply pressure to a limb or extremity in order to limit—but not stop—the flow of blood

Answer 35

Tourniquet

Question 36

A tourniquet should be _____wide and ______ long

Answer 36

1 in. wide and 18-20 in. long

Question 37

A thin, plastic stick with strips of chemicals on it. It is placed in the urine to detect abnormalities and check its chemical components

Answer 37

Urine Dipstick

Question 38

11 Parameters

Answer 38

1. pH level 2. specific gravity 3. protein 4. glucose 5. ketone 6. blood 7. bilirium 8. Urobilinogen 9. Nitrite 10. Leukocyte/WBC 11. Ascorbic Acid

Question 39

Gives the relative percentage of each type of white blood cell (neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, lymphocytes, monocytes). Helps reveal abnormal white blood cell populations

Answer 39

Differential Blood Count / Coulter Counter

Question 40

These needles are sued for both intravenous delivery of fluids or drugs or for blood collection. Used for glutathione treatment; gauge: 25

Answer 40

Winged Infusion Set

Question 41

List of Special Stains Differentiate each.

Answer 41

▪ Van gieson: stains collagen ▪ Periodic acid schiff: stains glycogen ▪ Oil red o: stains fat lipids ▪ Lead method: stains 5 nucleotidase enzyme ▪ Felipe & Lake: stains acetylcholinesterase ▪ Methyl green pyronin: stains RNA and DNA ▪ Feulgen Stain: stains DNA ▪ Alkali Fast green: stains histones & protamine ▪ Perl’s Pression Blue: stains ferric iron ▪ Turnbull’s: stains ferrous iron ▪ Vonkossa: stains calcium ▪ Wadefite: stains legionella pneumophila ▪ Levaditi: stains Spirochetes