3.2 group 2

Question 1

group 2 electron configuration

Answer 1

all group 2 metals have electron configurations that end in s2

Question 2

how to group 2 elements react?

Answer 2

lose to electrons to form 2+ ions

Question 3

trend in ionisation energy down group 2

Answer 3

ionisation energy decreases as we go down group 2
increase in atomic radius
outer electrons further from nucleus
more shielding (overrides increasing nuclear charge)
weaker nuclear attraction between nucleus and outer electrons
less energy required to remove outer electron

Question 4

reactivity down group 2

Answer 4

reactivity increases down group 2
increase in atomic radius
outer electrons further from nucleus
more shielding (overrides increasing nuclear charge)
weaker nuclear attraction between nucleus and outer electrons
less energy required to lose outer electron

Question 5

group 2 elements reaction with water trend

Answer 5

reactivity increases with water down group (no reaction with Be) as atom gets larger and it is easier to remove electron
group 2 elements react with water to form bases, metal hydroxides

Question 6

Mg reacting with water

Answer 6

Mg reacts slowly with cold water but reacts more vigorously with steam
this produces magnesium oxide (MgO) instead of a hydroxide

Question 7

group 2 elements reaction with oxygen

Answer 7

group 2 elements react with oxygen to form bases, metal oxides
metal is oxidises
oxygen is reduced

Question 8

what colour are group 2 oxides?

Answer 8

white solids

Question 9

group 2 oxides reaction with water

Answer 9

form bases, alkaline solutions
oxides react readily with water to make hydroxides which dissociate to from OH- ions (except MgO)
more strongly alkaline down the group as they hydroxides become more soluble

Question 10

neutralisation with group 2 oxide and hydroxide bases

Answer 10

can neutralise acids

Question 11

uses of group 2 compounds

Answer 11

acidic soils - Ca(OH)2 slaked lime is used to neutralise acidic soils
antacids - Mg(OH)2 is used to neutralise excess stomach acid

Question 12

ionic equation for neutralisation

Answer 12

H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) -> H2O (l)

Question 13

solubility trend of group 2 metal hydroxides

Answer 13

solubility of group 2 metal hydroxides increases as you move the group

Question 14

solubility trend of groupn2metal sulfates

Answer 14

solubility of group 2 metal sulfates decreases as you move down the group