3.2 CSA Flashcards
Any definition of CSA is dependent on (3) HCV
Historical period
Cultural context
Values & orientation of specific group
1978 National Centre on Child Abuse & Neglect definition:
Between adult & child when child is being used for sexual stimulation of perp or another person.
FOUR KEY COMPONENTS OF CSA (BEST)
Broadly defined in order to include extra/intrafam
Emphasizes adult exploitation of authority
Sexual exp. includes contact & non-contaft
The age or maturational advantage of perp
T/F Children are able to consent to CSA
False
According to official records, CSA makes up what % of child maltreatment stats?
10
Age of CSA victims?
3months-18
Average age of victims? Call..
9-11
Most vulnerable age & most likely to be abused?
7-12 Female
Why are males underrepresented? (4 EEAP)
Expectation boys should be dominant/self-reliant
Early sex experiences ‘normal’
Assoc. with homosexuality
Pressure not to express helplessness/vulnerability
Average age of perp?
32 - although juveniles are underrepresented
Most sexual offenders develop ______ ________ _______ before 18.
Devious Sexual Interest
Gender of abusers?
75% are male
Female perpetrators are often these 4 things: (ALAA)
Accomplices of males
Lonely & isolated single parents
Adolescent babysitters
Adult women & adolescent boys
Official reported cases tend to be more intra or extrafamilial?
Intrafamilial
Males are more likely to be abused by __________ and females are more likely to be abused by _______
Strangers
Family
3 Levels of CSA
Least serious - touching
Serious - fondling/simulated/digital
Very serious - completed intercourse/lingus
Abuse is initiated in 4 stages (4 - SGCC)
Selection
Grooming
Coercion
Conditioning
Adolescent prostitutes often share characteristics such as:
Hx of P&SA
IPV
Drugs/alcohol
Adolescent prostitutes often have what status?
Runaway Youth
Pathology including MI or MR are only __________ of offenders
Minority
In addition to pathology what else contributes to perpetration of CSA?
Less severe pathology
Deviant sexual arousal
Disinhibitors - drugs, alcohol
T/F Abnormal male hormones and androgens may contribute to CSA
TRUE
T/F Much research shows that CSA leads to adult perpetration
TRUE - however not necessarily true, as many don’t grow up to abuse
Many perps also have a hx of…
CPA
One theory claims the offender abuses children to…
Resolve/master own anxiety from abuse
Through modelling the offender learns that sexual gratification can be gained through…
Victimization of children
Now, more theories believe that there are…
Multiple contributing factors to CSA
Some factors that contribute to CSA? (3-SLI)
Sociocognitive deficits
Lack of empathy
Deficits in interpersonal intimacy
T/F CSA is a symptom of a functional family system.
FALSE - dysfunctional
Risk factors re mother?
Disability/Illness
Working outside of home
Contemporary explanations view the mother’s role as contributing to a child’s abuse or vulnerability?
Vulnerability
Societal attitudes towards CSA? (2 IC)
Inequality between M&F
Children & women = minority
The picture box is also to blame. How? (PMC)
Portrayals of sexuality & children
Misperception that females WANT violent sex cont.
Child porn
T/F Child porn leads to CSA always.
FALSE - mixed reviews
T/F There is a standardized treatment plan for all perpetrators of CSA.
False - Individual
Therapists must monitor this in working with perps.
Countertransference
The primary goal of treating victims? (ABCS)
Alleviation of symptoms
Behaviour mod (self-injury)
Sex therapy (dysfunction)
CBT to overcome distortions
This therapy can be used to teach survivors how to express anger appropriately and set boundaries, problem-solving, coping & interpersonal relationship skills.
PLAY Therapy
Primary goal of treating perps?
Reduce likelihood of repeat offences
Medical approaches to treating perps? ABCD
Aversion
Brain
Castration
Drug
Parents United is a group for after the perp has been treated individually
Traditional & Family Systems Approaches
Prevention of CSA? (PET)
Education! For children & parents - S&S
Parental role in empowerment
Tx for parents w hx of CSA
