3.2 Chemical Bonds Flashcards
<p>Compounds are composed of atoms held together by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_. </p>
<p>Compounds are composed of atoms held together by chemical bonds. </p>
Chemical bonds result from the attractions between the _____ _____ (the electrons and protons) that compose ____.
Chemical bonds result from the attractions between the charged particles (the electrons and protons) that compose atoms.
charged particles exert forces on one another: like charges _____ and opposite charges _____.
charged particles exert forces on one another: like charges repel and opposite charges attract.
electrostatic forces are responsible for _____ _____ .
These electrostatic forces are responsible for chemical bonding.
We can broadly classify most chemical bonds into two types: _____ and _____.
We can broadly classify most chemical bonds into two types: ionic and covalent.
_____ _____ — which occur between metals and nonmetals—involve the transfer of _____ from one atom to another
Ionic bonds— which occur between metals and nonmetals—involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another
_____ _____ — which occur between two or more nonmetals—involve the sharing of _____ between two atoms.
Covalent bonds— which occur between two or more nonmetals—involve the sharing of electrons between two atoms.
metals have a tendency to lose _______ and that nonmetals have a tendency to gain them.
metals have a tendency to lose electrons and that nonmetals have a tendency to gain them.
when a metal interacts with a nonmetal, it can transfer one or more of….
when a metal interacts with a nonmetal, it can transfer one or more of its electrons to the nonmetal.
The metal atom then becomes a
____ (a positively charged ion), and the nonmetal atom becomes an ____ (a negatively charged ion)
The metal atom then becomes a
cation (a positively charged ion), and the nonmetal atom becomes an anion (a negatively charged ion)
These oppositely charged ions attract one another by electrostatic forces and form an _____ ___
These oppositely charged ions attract one another by electrostatic forces and form an ionic bond
_____ ___ which in the solid phase is composed of a lattice—a regular three-dimensional array—of alternating cations and anions.
ionic compound, which in the solid phase is composed of a lattice—a regular three-dimensional array—of alternating cations and anions.
Covalent Bonds is when a….
When a nonmetal bonds with another nonmetal, neither atom transfers its electron to the other.
Covalent bonds: Instead the bonding atoms share some of their ________.
Covalent bonds: Instead the bonding atoms share some of their electrons.
The shared electrons have lower ____ ____ than they would in the ____ ____ because they interact with the ____ of both atoms.
The shared electrons have lower potential energy than they would in the isolated atoms because they interact with the nuclei of both atoms.
