3.2 Atomic Structure

Question 1

What is the relative mass and charge of a proton?

Answer 1

Relative mass: 1.000
Relative charge: +1

Question 2

What is the relative mass and charge of a neutron?

Answer 2

Relative mass: 1.000
Relative charge: 0

Question 3

What is the relative mass and charge of an electron?

Answer 3

Relative mass: 0.0005
Relative charge: -1

Question 4

Where are protons, neutrons and electrons located within the atom?

Answer 4

-Protons and neutrons: Nucleus in the centre of the atom
-Electrons: Energy level shells around the nucleus

Question 5

Atomic number

Answer 5

The number of protons (bottom)

Question 6

Mass number

Answer 6

The total number of protons and neutrons (top)

Question 7

Define isotopes

Answer 7

Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 8

Define relative atomic mass

Answer 8

Relative atomic mass (RAM) is the average mass of an atom of an element, taking into account
the different masses of each isotope

Question 9

How is relative atomic mass calculated?

Answer 9

It is calculated using the mass numbers of each isotope multiplied by their %-abundances in nature

Question 10

Period (periodic table)

Answer 10

Row = Period = number of occupied electron shells

Question 11

Group (periodic table)

Answer 11

Column = Group = number of electrons in the outer-shell