3.2 Flashcards
Behaviour tactics to achieve social control
Tactics which are used to influence the offenders behaviour
What does ASBO stand for?
Anti-social behaviour order
What piece of legislation is ASBO under?
Crime and deviance act 1988
When was ASBO introduced?
1988
Who introduced ASBO?
Tony Blaire
What type of crimes will cause an ASBO to be issued?
Low level behaviour, yet causes distress to public. Examples include graffiti and public drunkness
Define civil orders in context of ASBO?
A legal measure issued by civil court to restrict behaviour of someone
What does civil courts deal with?
Civil courts deal with issues which are not criminal
if the ASBO is breached, how long is it in prison?
5 years
Between 2000-2013 what percentage of ASBOS were breached out of 24000
58%
How many ASBOS were faced with reoffending?
10,000
What are the limitations of ASBOS?
Labelling theory; by offering them that label they are going to reoffend to fulfil the prophecy
Subculture theory; there is a criminal hierarchy in the subcultures so they want to fulfil the status
What are CBOs and civil injunctions?
They replaced ASBO in 2012, and it is to deal with low level nuisance
Who replaced this with ASBO?
Theresa may
Civil injunction breach, how long in prison for adults?
2 years
Civil injunction breach, how long for someone who is under 18?
3 months in detention
CBO being issued; how long for someone who is an adult?
2 years
CBO being issued; how long for someone who is under 18?
1 to 2 years
CBO being breached, how long for someone who is 18?
5 years
CBO being breached, how long for someone who is under 18?
2 years
What is the civil injunctions process?
1) agency applies for injunction
2)Case heard in courts
3)Tests, then the court will agree
4) the CIJ is issued
What is an example of a positive requirement for CBO breach?
Positive requirements to order behaviour.
Drug treatment programme for drug addict
What is an example of a negative requirement for CBO breach?
You may face restrictions to people or a place.
Token economies
Behaviour modification, getting rewards for conforming.
HOBBS and HOLT for token economies - advantage
They did a study on 125 boys 12-15 years and they found that their behaviour improved during the duration of the token economies
Weakness for token economies
Outside prison behaviour modification will stop
Environmental ways to achieve social control; CPTED - USA
Crime prevention through environmental design
What is crime prevention through environmental design?
Building environments creates and denys opportunities for crime
What is an example of CPTED?
Gated lines
Gated lines
Designs crime out of alley ways
What crimes do gated lines prevent?
Burguarlies, fly tipping and anti-social behaviour
______ has the responsibility to erect gated lines
Local authorities
What are the two limitations of gated lines?
- Costly
- Relies on community within the neighbourhood
What are the two advantages of gated lines?
- Prevents the ‘broken windows’ theory
- Gates reduce the rewards and gratification towards crime.
What is the studies name which supported the gated lines?
Sidebottom et al
Sidebottom et al
It will reduce crime as the gated lines work as a physical barrier, there is more effort for the crime to be committed.
residents take efforts to close the crime and there is a neighbourhood community
Where are gated lines located?
London, manchester and liverpool
What are the insuitutional methods to achieve social control?
token economies
Give examples of how token economies are implemented in probation?
Offenders behaviour will be supervised. they are given rules such as curfew and if these are broken they get negative sanctions such as going back to prison
Give examples of how token economies are implemented in prisons?
There are rules to abide by in prison and if you break these rules, there is a loss of privileges
Give a brief overview of insuitutional methods to achieve social control in terms of disciplinary procedures
With the first offence it will be dealt with leniency but if the offender reoffends there will be greater sanctions to deal with the offences.
How do courts have insuitutional methods to achieve social control?
The sentencing will provide deterrence/retribution.
Punish the offender but also reaches society
How does community sentence achieve social control?
It provides rehab + reintregration into society, reaffirms to ordinary people what the norms and values are
