3.2 Flashcards
Why is plant and animal breeding carried out?
To improve characteristics to help support sustainable food production
Characteristics of the plant and animals breeders develop
High food yield, higher nutritional value, pest and disease resistance and able to thrive in adverse conditions
Why are field trials carried out?
In a range of environments to compare the performance of different cultivars or treatments and to evaluate performance of GM crops.
Things to be considered in field trial ?
Selection of treatments
Number of replicates
Randomisation of treatments
Reason for selection of treatments
Ensure valid comparison between cultivars
What is inbreeding
When selected related plant or animal species are bred for generations until the population breeds true to the desired type due to the elimination of heterozygotes
What can inbreeding lead to?
Increase in the frequency of individuals who are homozygous for recessive deleterious alleles
What can this lead to?
They are less likely to survive resulting in an inbreeding depression
What do animals of different breeds when bred creat?
Cross breed population
Why do people cross breed
To improve characteristics
Why are F1 hybrids not usually bred together
F2 generation show too much variation
How can u genetically improve characteristics
Insert single genes for desirable characteristics into genome of crop plants
Recombinant DNAtechnology?
Insertion of Bt toxin gene for pest resistance and glyphosate resistance gene for herbicide resistance.
