3.13.5. Liver + Biliary Tree Disease - Viral Hepatitis - E Flashcards
What causes Hepatitis A?
An Enteric Virus (HEV)
How does the HEV enter into the Bloodstream?
It is an Enteric Virus (Absorbed through the Intestine) and so is Transmitted via the Faecal-Oral Route
What is the Pathology of HAV infection?
This is a Self-Limiting Virus which causes Temporary Inflammation of the Liver, whilst the Virus is present
What area is HEV most seen in?
Tropical Countries
What are the Clinical Signs of HEV infection?
- Hepatomegaly
- Lymphadenopathy
- Deranged Enzymes
Why does Hepatomegaly occur?
Due to the Inflammation associated with the Infection of the Liver
Why does Lymphadenopathy occur?
Due to the Immune Response to the Presence of a Viral Infection
Why are Deranged Enzymes formed?
Due to the potential impairment of the Hepatic Function
What are the Symptoms of HAV Infection?
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Anorexia
- Jaundice
Why does Nausea and Vomiting occur?
Due to the presence of an infection of the Accessory Pathway of the Alimentary Tract, this is the Body’s natural response
Why does Anorexia occur?
Due to the Nausea and Vomiting associated with the Infection
Why does Jaundice occur?
Due to the inability of the Liver to effectively deal with Bilirubin, due to the inflammation
What type of Jaundice occurs?
Intrahepatic
What investigations are required for HEV infection?
- Serum ELISA to measure IgM / IgG antibody’s
2. Inflammatory Markers (PCR and ESR)
When will the Serum Antibody IgM be present?
During, and Shortly after, the Disease, indicating current infection
