3.13.5. Liver + Biliary Tree Disease - Viral Hepatitis - E Flashcards

1
Q

What causes Hepatitis A?

A

An Enteric Virus (HEV)

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2
Q

How does the HEV enter into the Bloodstream?

A

It is an Enteric Virus (Absorbed through the Intestine) and so is Transmitted via the Faecal-Oral Route

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3
Q

What is the Pathology of HAV infection?

A

This is a Self-Limiting Virus which causes Temporary Inflammation of the Liver, whilst the Virus is present

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4
Q

What area is HEV most seen in?

A

Tropical Countries

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5
Q

What are the Clinical Signs of HEV infection?

A
  1. Hepatomegaly
  2. Lymphadenopathy
  3. Deranged Enzymes
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6
Q

Why does Hepatomegaly occur?

A

Due to the Inflammation associated with the Infection of the Liver

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7
Q

Why does Lymphadenopathy occur?

A

Due to the Immune Response to the Presence of a Viral Infection

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8
Q

Why are Deranged Enzymes formed?

A

Due to the potential impairment of the Hepatic Function

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9
Q

What are the Symptoms of HAV Infection?

A
  1. Nausea and Vomiting
  2. Anorexia
  3. Jaundice
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10
Q

Why does Nausea and Vomiting occur?

A

Due to the presence of an infection of the Accessory Pathway of the Alimentary Tract, this is the Body’s natural response

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11
Q

Why does Anorexia occur?

A

Due to the Nausea and Vomiting associated with the Infection

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12
Q

Why does Jaundice occur?

A

Due to the inability of the Liver to effectively deal with Bilirubin, due to the inflammation

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13
Q

What type of Jaundice occurs?

A

Intrahepatic

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14
Q

What investigations are required for HEV infection?

A
  1. Serum ELISA to measure IgM / IgG antibody’s

2. Inflammatory Markers (PCR and ESR)

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15
Q

When will the Serum Antibody IgM be present?

A

During, and Shortly after, the Disease, indicating current infection

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16
Q

When will the Serum Antibody IgG be present?

A

After the course of the Disease, indicating recent infection

17
Q

What will the Inflammatory Markers show?

A

The presence of inflammation (although not specific to the Liver)

18
Q

What is the treatment of HEV infection?

A

None - it is a self-limiting Virus