Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

a-level chemistry AQA (in progress) > 3.1.3 Bonding > Flashcards

3.1.3 Bonding Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What shape molecule has two bonding pairs and no lone pairs?

A

Linear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What shaped molecule had 3 bonding pairs and 0 lone pairs?

A

Trigonal planar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What shaped molecule had 2 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair

A

Bent (v- shape)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What shaped molecule is 4 bonding pairs and 0 lone pairs?

A

Tetrahedral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What shaped molecule has 3 bond pairs and 2 lone pair of electrons?

A

Trigonal pyramidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What shaped molecule had 2 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs of electrons?

A

Bent (v- shape)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What shaped molecule has 5 bonding pairs and 0 lone pairs of electrons?

A

Trigonal bipyramidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What shaped molecule has four bonding pairs and 1 lone pair of electrons?

A

Trigonal pyramidal/ seesaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What shaped molecule has 3 binding electrons and 2 lone pairs?

A

Trigonal planar/ t- shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What shaped molecule has 6 bonding electrons and 0 lone pairs?

A

Octahedral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What shape has 5 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair?

A

Square pyramidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What shaped molecule has 4 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs of electrons?

A

Square planar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the definition for electron negativity?

A

How easily an element it functional group can attract electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the four most electronegative elements?

A

Fluorine
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Chlorine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In ionic bonding, what charge does the non metal have?

A

Negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What force attracts positive and negative ions?

A

Electrostatic attraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are three properties of ionic compounds?

A

High melting point
Poor electrical conductivity (unless molten or dissolved)
Soluble in polar liquids eg water

18
Q

What does covalent bonding occur between?

A

Non metals and non- metals

19
Q

What is the definition for a covalent bond?

A

The electrostatic force of attraction between shared electrons and the neucleus

20
Q

What is the octet rule?

A

Where r bonded atoms achieve 8 electrons in the outer shell to achieve stability

21
Q

Which diagram can present a covalent bond?

A

Dot and cross diagram

22
Q

What are the five exceptions of the octet rule? (And how many electrons do they have instead)

A

Boron Triflouride (six)
Sulfur hexaflouride (12)
Phosphorus Pentachloride(10)
Chlorine Triflouride (6)
Sulphur Tetrafluoride (8)

23
Q

What is the definition for dative covalent bonding?

A

A covalent bond in which both shared electrons come from the same atom

24
Q

How is a dative covalent bond shown in a stick diagram?

A

An arrow pointing at the atom that is not sharing any of its own electrons

25
Q

What two structures can covalent structures be shown?

A

Simple molecular
Giant covelant

26
Q

What is the definition for electronegativity?

A

The ability of an atom to attract bonding electrons in a covalent bond

27
Q

What is a permanent dipole?

A

Where there is a small charge difference across a molecule but not enough for an ionic bond

28
Q

Why might a molecule with polar bonds not be polar?

A

It is symeytrical

29
Q

What is polarity determined by

A

The shape of molecule and electronegativity of atoms

30
Q

What force is responsible for melting and boiling point ?

A

Intermolecular

31
Q

What do covalent bonds effect?

A

Chemical reactions

32
Q

What is a vanderwaal force?

A

A force between all molecules caused by induced dipole-dipole interactions.

33
Q

How does an induce dipole-dipole interaction occur?

A

Electrons move to one side of molecule
Creates a slight charge difference across molecule
Attracts the electrons of the molecule next to it and the one next to that ext.

34
Q

T or F:
Polar solute is soluble in polar solution

A

T

35
Q

Why can polar substances not dissolve in non-polar substances?

A

They have a different strength of intermolecular forces (permanent and induced dipole interactions) so the permanent dipole interactions can’t be broken by the induced dipoles therefore they cannot dissolve

36
Q

What three bonds allow for hydrogen bonding?

A

N-H
F-H
O-H

37
Q

Why does hydrogen bonding occur

A

The electrons from the hydrogens in a F-H, N-H or O-H move away from the hydrogen creating a dipole, this causes the hydrogen to attract the lone pair of electrons from another O, N or F atom.

38
Q

What property of water is unusual due to hydrogen bonding

A

Ice is less dense that water

39
Q

What is the definition for metallic bonding?

A

A lattice of closely packed, positive ions in a sea of delocalised electrons

40
Q

What element has the highest melting and boiling point on period 3? And why

A

Silicon, it forms a covalent lattice which means that it needs to have its covalent bonds broken before it can be melted.

41
Q

What three types of bonding occur in period 3and with what elements?

A

Metallic bonding- sodium, magnesium, Aluminium
Giant covalent- silicone
Simple covalent- phosphorus, Sulfur, chlorine

42
Q

Name the elements in period 3

A

Sodium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Silicon
Phosphorus
Chlorine
Argon

a-level chemistry AQA (in progress) (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions