3.1.1

Question 1

what is the relative mass of an electron?

Answer 1

1/1840

Question 2

what force holds together protons and neutrons/
hint- where are they located?

Answer 2

nuclear force

Question 3

what’s the definition for relative atomic mass and relative molecular mass?

Answer 3

the mass of a single Atom (Ar)/ molecule (Mr) relative to 1/12 of a carbon atom

Question 4

what’s the equation for the relative atomic mas of isotopes?

Answer 4

Ar=(mass of isotope 1 * %abundance) + (mass of isotope2 * %abundance)

Question 5

what is the maximum number of electrons per orbital?

Answer 5

2

Question 6

what is the Aufbau principle?

Answer 6

electrons always fill up the lowest energy levels first

Question 7

which orbital has six electrons?

Answer 7

P orbital

Question 8

what is Hund’s rule?

Answer 8

electrons would rather have their own orbitals before pairing up.

Question 9

what is the electron configuration for an element with 9 electrons

Answer 9

1s2 2s2 2p5

Question 10

how many total electrons in the D orbital?

Answer 10

10

Question 11

many electrons in the S orbital?

Answer 11

2

Question 12

in time of flight calculations, what is he equation for Kinetic energy?

Answer 12

Ek = 1/2 * m * v^2

Question 13

what three factors effect ionisation energy?

Answer 13

radius
electron shielding
nuclear charge

Question 14

does ionisation energy increase or decrease across a period?

Answer 14

increase

Question 15

in time of flight calculations, what is the equation for velocity?

Answer 15

v= d/t

Question 16

what is the value of Avogadro’s constant (1 mole)

Answer 16

6.022* 10^23

Question 17

does ionisation energy increase or decrease down group?

Answer 17

decrease

Question 18

what is he definition of ionisation energy?

Answer 18

the amount of energy required for one mole of an element/compound to lose 1 mole of electrons.

Question 19

describe electron impact ionisation?

Answer 19

an electrons are fired at the sample, this nocks off one of the samples electrons from orbit creating a positive ion -because one electron is lost.

Question 20

in time of flight mass spectroscopy, what is used to accelerate the ions?

Answer 20

an electric field

Question 21

what is the detector in time of flight mass spectroscopy?

Answer 21

a negatively charged plate

Question 22

how does electrospray ionisation occur?

Answer 22

the sample is dissolved in solvent and then fired through a positively charged hypodermic needle, the solvent evaporates and the sample gains a proton creating a positive ion.

Question 23

after acceleration, the ions all have the same what?

Answer 23

kinetic energy

Question 24

what does time of flight mass spectroscopy find?

Answer 24

the mass and percentage abundance of ions

Question 25

what are the four stages of time of flight mass spectroscopy?

Answer 25

ionisation
acceleration
ion drift
detection

Question 26

what are the two types of ionisation in time of flight mass spectroscopy

Answer 26

electrospray ionisation
electron impact ionisation

Question 27

is nuclear force strong or weak

Answer 27

strong

Question 28

what technique is used to find the relative mass of elements and compounds?

Answer 28

time of flight mass spectroscopy

Question 29

what force holds electrons to protons?

Answer 29

electrostatic force