3.1.1 PROBLEM ANALYSIS Flashcards
To design a project well
it is necessary to
1- ID and analyse the negative impacts of a given situation.
2-Establishing CER.
3-Involving all the project ST, in a participatory
process, is essential.
Problem analysis can be done in three steps
1-ID of the ST.
2-ID and prioritisation of the major problems faced by the communities and other stakeholders.
3-Development of a problem tree to establish CER.
Problem analyses must be done with
Various ST
Development of a problem tree
1-Preliminary discussions with ST give the assessor an understanding of the problems faced by people.
2-Collect information
3-workshop can be conducted to explore the root causes of problems
Workshops should be led by facilitators trained in participatory techniques and project design.
1-ID of the problems
2-selection by groups (grouped + structured)
Problems should be not stated
as the absence of a solution
(e.g. water is not treated)
Problems should be stated
an existing negative state (e.g. water is contaminated)
‘problem tree’ can be created to
Enhance understanding of the problems at
hand
Understand where interventions can and
should be targeted
problem tree analysis steps
Step 1: Brainstorm the problems that affected population consider to be priorities.
Step 2: From the problems identified through the brainstorming exercise, agree on the main or core problem.
Step 3: Begin to establish a hierarchy of causes and effects.
Identify the causes of the main problem
Identify the effects of the main problem
Step 4: Connect the problems with cause-effect arrows clearly showing key links.
Step 5: Review the diagram.
Step 6: Consolidate the problems.
Step 7: Make a copy of the diagram.
main problem
inadequate
inappropriate
low
unsafe
bad
causes
poor
poor practices
un
ineffective
improper
effect
ineffective
high risk of
impact
high rate of
