3.1.1 - Monomers and Polymers Flashcards
What two things join together to create a disaccharide?
Monosaccharides
Give 3 examples of monomers
Monosaccharides, amino acids and nucleotides
What type of reaction joins two molecules together?
Condensation reaction
Define a condensation reaction
A condensation reaction joins two molecules together with the formation of a chemical bond and involves the elimination of a molecule of water.
What is a hydrolysis reaction?
A hydrolysis reaction breaks a chemical bond between two molecules and involves the use of a water molecule
Biological molecules are made of 4 main elements. What are they?
Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen and Nitrogen
What is polymerisation?
Monomers that join together to form polymers.
Define a monomer
A molecule that can be joined to form polymers
Define a polymer
Many monomers joined together
What two monomers make up the disaccharide Maltose, and what is its formula?
2 alpha glucoses, and C12H22O11
What two monomers make up the disaccharide sucrose, and what is its formula?
alpha glucose and fructose, and C12H22O11
What two monomers make up the disaccharide lactose, and what is its formula?
alpha glucose and galactose, and C12H22O11
What is the formula for alpha glucose?
C6H12O6
What is the formula for beta glucose?
C6H12O11
What is the formula for galactose?
C6H12O11
What is the formula for fructose?
C6H12O11
What colour does the precipitate change from in a benedicts test?
Blue - green - yellow - orange - brick red
What test is used to test for sugars?
Benedicts test
Describe how you carry out a benedicts test (reducing sugar)
1) Add benedicts reagent to a sample and heat it in a water bath thats been heated to boiling point.
2) If the test’s positive it will form a coloured precipitate
3) The higher the concentration of reducing sugar, the further the colour change goes.
