3.10 Flashcards
What are the 4 types/causes of Change?
Internal/External Change (Causes)
Incremental/Disruptive Change (Types)
Give an example of Internal Change
Delayering
Give an example of External Change
Technological Changes
Social Changes
Economic Conditions
What Is Incremental Change?
Small day to day changes within the firm
What Is Disruptive Change?
Big Changes that arise from the external environment and impacts all businesses in the market
Why Is Change Resisted?
Self Interest
Low tolerance Of Change
Misunderstandings
Why is change important?
It allows a firm to:
Adapt
Grow
Change
Develop
How Can Successful change help a firm
Align with customers needs/wants
Sustains competitive advantage
Builds a reputation for embracing change
Takes advantage of developing technologies
What are the benefits of a flexible organisation
Respond quickly to market conditions
More efficient use of specialists
working remotely
cuts down costs
What is Organisational Culture
Behaviour that is considered acceptable from tradition, history, structure (The way we do things around here
What are 2 signs of Weak Culture?
1) Inconsistent Behaviour
2) Little alignment with firms values
What are 2 indicators of Strong Culture?
1) Consistent behaviour
2) Little need for Policies and procedures
Give 3 ways a businesses organisational culture is reflected?
1) How long new employees stay in the firm (employee retention)
2) How employees are recruited
3) The way visitors and guests are looked after
What are the 4 different types of organisation culture in Handy’s cultural model
1) Power Culture
2) Role Culture
3) Task Culture
4) Person culture
What’s the purpose of Handy’’s cultural model?
Identifying culture type of the firm
What is an advantage and disadvantage of POWER CULTURE?
Adv: Quicker decision making
Dis: focuses on the short term
What is an advantage and disadvantage of ROLE CULTURE?
Adv: motivated to climb hierarchy for a better salary
Dis: can cause jealousy between employees
What is an advantage and disadvantage of TASK CULTURE?
Adv: Can form better bonds between employees
Dis: Team might not be working well together
What is an advantage and disadvantage of PERSON CULTURE?
Adv: Good quality work is produced
Dis: arrogance, the employee could believe their to good for the firm and make demands which if not met will take their skills elsewhere
What is Matrix organisation?
Answering to multiple people
What does the Cultural Web do?
Identifies 6 interrelated elements that help to make up the pattern/model of the work environment
What are the 6 elements in the cultural web?
Stories
Symbols
Power structure
Organisational structure
Control systems
Rituals + routines
What are stories in terms of the Cultural Web?
Past events that occurred within the firm that are talked about inside/ outside the firm
What is Bureaucratic Culture?
An Organisational structure where those involved share similar beliefs, values, and attitudes
What is Entrepreneurial Culture?
An environment where an individual is motivated to take risks, innovate, and brainstorm new ideas
What are the 4 components of Entrepreneurial Culture?
Openness
Adaptability
Results
Rewards
Who Integrates Bureaucratic culture?
Government agencies
Large Corporations
The military
What is CPA?
Identifying the most efficient/cost-effective way of completing a project
What is the critical path?
Longest Path Of Planned Activities
What is EST + LFT?
Earliest Start Time
+
Latest Finish Time
What are Critical Activities?
Activities On The Longest Path
What is a Float?
Activities That Can Be Delayed
What Is The Formula For Float
LFT - Activity Duration - EST
0 = Can’t Be Delayed
1+ = Can Be Delayed
Task A has a duration of 3 an EST of 0 and an LFT of 3 what is the total float?
Task D has a duration of 6 an EST of 7 and an lft of 18
What is a Key reason why step change is difficult to manage?
Employees are naturally resistant to significant change
What are the 4 steps in effective change management?
Planning
Implementation
Control
Evaluation
What does Lewins Force Field attempt to identify and evaluate?
Driving and restraining forces for change
What is a Planned strategy?
Main elements of the strategy had been planned in advance
What is a Emergent Strategy?
A strategy that emerges in response to unexpected changes
What is Strategic Drift?
When a company fails to respond quickly enough to changes in the external and internal environment making the strategy unfit for its purpose
What is Globalisation?
A firm that operates in 2 or more countries
Give a real life example of strategic drift
KODAK
Failed to respond to rapid development of digital photography despite having created such technology
