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GIGU - Week 5/6 (STILL QUARANTINE) > 31- Pelvic Vessels & Nerves > Flashcards

31- Pelvic Vessels & Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

This artery is a bifurcation of the abdominal aorta at the level of L5-S1 intervertebral disc.

A

Common Iliac A. (Left and Right)

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2
Q

The Common Iliac As. then branch into what two arteries?

A

External Iliac A. (Left and Right)

Internal Iliac A. (Left and Right)

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3
Q

The External Iliac A. becomes what artery?

A

Femoral A.

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4
Q

The Internal Iliac A. branches supply what?

A

Pelvic Viscera

Perineum

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5
Q

The Internal Iliac A. branches into what divisions?

A

Anterior Division

Posterior Division

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6
Q

Which division of the Internal Iliac A. is identical in both males and females?

A

Posterior Division

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7
Q

What are the branches of the Posterior Division of the Internal Iliac A.?

A

Iliolumbar A.
Lateral Sacral As.
Superior Gluteal A.

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8
Q

This branch of the Posterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. consists of two or more vessels. They enter the anterior sacral foramina to supply the structures of the sacral canal, but eventually exit the posterior sacral foramina to supply the muscles and skin posterior to the sacrum.

A

Lateral Sacral As.

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9
Q

What branch of the Posterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. supplies the following structures?

    • Piriformis M.
    • Spinal Meninges
    • Roots of sacral spinal nerves
    • Erector Spinae
    • Skin covering dorsal sacrum
A

Lateral Sacral As.

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10
Q

This branch of the Posterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. courses between the Obturator N. and the Lumbosacral Trunk to supply the Iliacus M. and lumbar region posterior to the Psoas Major M.

A

Iliolumbar A.

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11
Q

What branch of the Posterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. supplies the following structures?

    • Iliacus M.
    • Psoas Major M.
    • Quadratus Lumborum M.
    • Cauda Equina in vertebral canal
A

Iliolumbar A.

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12
Q

This branch of the Posterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. is the terminal branch, and exits the greater sciatic foramen superior to the Piriformis M. to supply the gluteal region.

A

Superior Gluteal A.

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13
Q

What branch of the Posterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. supplies the following structures?

    • Piriformis M.
    • Gluteal muscles
    • Tensor Fascia Lata
A

Superior Gluteal A.

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14
Q

These branches of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. supply the urinary bladder. The _______ _______, which is obliterated after birth, and the ________ ________ _______ both originate from the same trunk.

A

Umbilical A.

Superior Vesical A.

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15
Q

This branch of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. leaves the pelvis via the obturator canal to enter the medial thigh. It supplies pelvic muscles, head of the femur, and medial thigh.

A

Obturator A.

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16
Q

This branch of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. only occurs in 20% of the population.

A

Accessory Obturator A.

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17
Q

This branch of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. is only in males and supplies the bladder, seminal vesicles, prostate, ureter, and vas deferens.

A

Inferior Vesical A.

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18
Q

This branch of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. is only in females and supplies the uterus, ligaments of uterus, uterine tube, ovary, and superior vagina.

A

Uterine A.

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19
Q

What artery does the Uterine A. anastomose with?

A

Ovarian A.

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20
Q

This branch of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. supplies the anterior and posterior vaginal surfaces.

A

Vaginal A.

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21
Q

This branch of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. supplies the rectum, seminal vesicles, prostate, vas deferens, and the vagina in the female.

A

Middle Rectal A.

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22
Q

This branch of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. exits the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen, loops around the spine of the ischium to enter the perineum via the lesser sciatic foramen. It supplies the perineum.

A

Internal Pudendal A.

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23
Q

The Internal Pudendal A. gives off what branch?

A

Inferior Rectal A.

24
Q

This branch of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. exits the greater sciatic foramen, inferior to the piriformis, to supply the gluteal region.

A

Inferior Gluteal A.

25
Q

What branch of the Anterior Division of the Internal Iliac A. supplies the following structures?

    • Pelvic muscles
    • Piriformis M.
    • Quadratus Femoris M.
    • Gluteus Maximus M.
    • Sciatic N.
A

Inferior Gluteal A.

26
Q

This artery branches off the Inferior Mesenteric A. at the level of S3 into two branches. Each branch descends on either side of the rectum to supply it as far inferiorly as the internal anal sphincter.

A

Superior Rectal A.

27
Q

These veins correspond to the branches of the Internal Iliac A.

A

Pelvic Veins

28
Q

Each pelvic organ has a venous plexus, which freely communicates with the other venous plexuses. These venous plexuses have no valves and have important connections with the…

A

Vertebral venous plexus (Batson’s Veins)

29
Q

These veins are associated with the pelvic viscera and drained by tributaries of the Internal Iliac Vs., Inferior Mesenteric V. (Superior Rectal V.), and Lateral Sacral Vs.

A

Pelvic Venous Plexuses

30
Q

These veins form superior to the greater sciatic foramen and lie postero-inferior to the Internal Iliac arteries. They merge with the External Iliac Vs. to form the Common Iliac Vs., which unite at L4/L5 to form the Inferior Vena Cava.

A

Internal Iliac Vs.

31
Q

These veins anastomose with the internal vertebral plexus providing a collateral pathway to reach either the inferior or superior vena cava. May also provide a metastatic pathway for prostatic or ovarian cancer cells to the vertebrae or cranial cavity.

A

Lateral Sacral Vs.

32
Q

This vein is a tributary to the Inferior Mesenteric V.

A

Superior Rectal V.

33
Q

This vein is one of the largest tributaries to the Internal iliac Vs.

A

Superior Gluteal Vs.

34
Q

These veins exit the deep inguinal ring and traverse the pelvic cavity to travel to there terminations (in males only).

A

Testicular Vs.

35
Q

These LNs receive lymph from Inguinal LNs and superior parts of middle to anterior pelvic organs. They drain into the Common Iliac LNs.

A

External Iliac LNs

36
Q

These LNs receive lymph from inferior pelvic viscera, deep perineum, and gluteal region. They drain into the Common Iliac LNs.

A

Internal Iliac LNs

37
Q

These LNs receive lymph from postero-inferior pelvic viscera. They drain into Internal or Common Iliac LNs.

A

Sacral LNs

38
Q

These LNs receive lymph from the External and Internal Iliac LNs, and Sacral LNs. They drain into the Lumbar LNs.

A

Common Iliac LNs

39
Q

Pelvic structures are innervated mainly by the ________ and ________ spinal nerves and the ________ ________ nerves (S2-S4).

A

Sacral
Coccygeal
Pelvic Splanchnic

40
Q

The Sacral Plexus is located on the posterolateral wall of the lesser pelvis. Some branches exit through the greater sciatic foramen, which are…

A

Sciatic N. (L4-S3)
Pudendal N. (S2-S4)
Superior Gluteal N. (L4-S1)
Inferior Gluteal N. (L4-S2)

41
Q

This branch of the Sacral Plexus passes inferior to the Piriformis to enter the gluteal region. It descends in the posterior thigh to supply the posterior compartment of the thigh and the entire leg and foot.

A

Sciatic N. (L4-S3)

42
Q

This branch of the Sacral Plexus passes between the Piriformis and Coccygeus muscles accompanied by the Internal Pudendal A. It enters the perineum through the lesser sciatic foramen to supply the perineum.

A

Pudendal N. (S2-S4)

43
Q

This branch of the Sacral Plexus passes superior to the Piriformis to enter the gluteal region to supply the Gluteus Medius and Gluteus Minimus.

A

Superior Gluteal N. (L4-S1)

44
Q

This branch of the Sacral Plexus passes superior to the Piriformis to enter the gluteal region to supply the Gluteus Maximus.

A

Inferior Gluteal N. (L4-S2)

45
Q

The Coccygeal Plexus (Anterior Rami of S4, S5, and Coccyx) lies on the pelvic surface of the Coccygeus M. It supplies three structures, which are…

A

Coccygeus M.
Part of Levator Ani M.
Sacrococcygeal Joint

46
Q

These nerves arise from the Coccygeal Plexus and supply the skin between the tip of the coccyx and the anus.

A

Anococcygeal Nerves

47
Q

Pelvic Autonomic Nerves include the…

A

Inferior Hypogastric Plexus

Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves (S2-S4)

48
Q

This supplies the sympathetic innervation to the pelvic viscera. It contains visceral afferent nerve fibers (not part of ANS).

A

Hypogastric Plexuses

***Includes Superficial and Inferior Hypogastric Plexus

49
Q

Branches of the Inferior Hypogastric Plexus continue to the pelvic viscera, upon which they form sub-plexuses collectively known as…

A

Pelvic Plexuses

50
Q

These nerves supply parasympathetic innervation to the pelvic viscera plus the descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and proximal anal canal.

A

Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves (S2-S4)

51
Q

In both the male and female, sub-plexuses are associated with the…

A

Lateral rectum

Inferolateral urinary bladder

52
Q

In males, sub-plexuses are associated with the…

A

Prostate gland

Seminal vesicles

53
Q

(SYMPATHETIC/PARASYMPATHETIC) fibers in the prostatic plexus penetrate the pelvic diaphragm to reach the erectile tissues in the penis, producing an erection.

A

Parasympathetic

54
Q

In females, sub-plexuses are associated with the…

A

Cervix of the Uterus

Lateral fornices of the Vagina

55
Q

What innervates the anal canal superior to the pectinate line?

A

Sympathetic innervation via Lumbar and Sacral Splanchnic Nerves

Parasympathetic innervation via Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves

56
Q

What innervates the anal canal inferior to the pectinate line?

A

Somatic innervation via Inferior Rectal Nerves (branches of Pudendal Nerve)

GIGU - Week 5/6 (STILL QUARANTINE) (11 decks)

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