3.1 Introduction Flashcards
define element
substance containing only one type of atom
What can elements be categorised into?
metals and non-metals
Describe the chemical test for water
anhydrous copper sulphate
white to blue
Describe the chemical test for water
anhydrous copper sulphate white to blue
What side are non-metals on in the periodic table?
right hand side
What side are metals on in the periodic table?
left hand side
What is a diatomic element?
element that exists in pairs
What direction do periods go in?
horizontal
What direction do groups go in?
vertical
What does a period have in common?
number of electron shells
What does a group have in common?
number of electrons in outer shell
Define compound
substance containing more than one type of atom, chemically bonded together
Describe the chemical test for carbon dioxide
calcium hydroxide (limewater)
cloudy/milky as a result of calcium carbonate produced
What are the properties of a compound?
compound usually has completely different properties to elements its made up of
What are the three types of compound?
metallic
ionic
covalent
Why does ammonium chloride form closer to the hydrogen chloride than the ammonia?
hydrogen chloride molecules are heavier so diffuse slower
Define solute
substance going to be dissolved
Define solvent
liquid going to do the dissolving
Define solution
resulting mixture of solute dissolved in solvent
Define saturated
solution in which no more solute can be dissolved
Define suspension
solid floating in a liquid because it cannot dissolve
Define soluble
substance that can be dissolved
Define insoluble
substance that cannot be dissolved
What do we measure solubility in?
g per 100g of solvent
What does the line mean on solubility curves?
saturated
maximum mass dissolved
What does below the line mean on solubility curves?
soluble
less than maximum mass dissolved
What does above the line mean on solubility curves?
insoluble
more than maximum mass that can be dissolved
