31 - Imaging and endoscopy of the urinary tract

Question 1

X-rays in urology

Answer 1

not used
mainly for hard objects such as stones
- Kidneys can be seen on IVU but uses a contrast so is dangerous

Question 2

Ultrasound in urology

Answer 2

Used a lot

Question 3

How does ultrasound work

Answer 3

Created by piezoelectric crystal, sound waves enter the body and are reflected at phase boundaries in proportion to the density of the phase

Question 4

CT in urology

Answer 4

Can be used to detect cysts, stones

Question 5

What is positron emission tomography

Answer 5

Radiolabelled glucose given to patient and lights up in metabolically active tissue
(Metastasis will light up)

Question 6

MRI in urology

Answer 6

Can detect cysts if cannot use contrast

most useful in prostate cancer

Question 7

Nuclear medicine

Answer 7

Radioactively labelled compound to the pt
Gives function and obstruction information
Gives dynamic information whereas others give static

Question 8

Endoscopy

Answer 8

Uses a camera to look inside pt via natural orifice