Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Of Neuroscience > 3.1. Embryology Of The Skull > Flashcards

3.1. Embryology Of The Skull Flashcards

1
Q

What 8 bones make up the NEUROCRANIUM?

A 
Frontal
Occipital
2 x Parietal
2 x Temporal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What 22 bones make up the VISCEROCRANIUM?

A 
2 x Nasal
2 x Lacrimal
2 x Inferior nasal concha
2 x Maxilla
2 x Zygomatic
2 x Palatine
Vomer
Mandible
2 x Malleous
2 x Incus
2 x Stapes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 2 divisions of the NEUROCRANIUM?

A

Base of skull - CHONDOCRANIUM (also called basicranium)

Membranous neurocranium - CALVARIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is the bone of the chondocranium formed?

A

Endochondral ossification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is the bone of the calvaria formed?

A

Intramembranous ossification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which bones form the basicranium?

A

Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Petromastoid parts of the temporal bones
Occipital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the embryological derivative of the bones of the basicranium at the 6th week of development?

A

3 midline pairs of cartilage:
Prechordal
Hypophyseal
Parachordal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What other structures (not the midline pairs) are present at the 6th week of development?

A

The 3 sensory capsules:
Olfactory (smell)
Optic (vision)
Otic (hearing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the fate of the 1st midline pair (Prechordal)?

A

Fuses with olfactory capsule to form the ethmoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the fate of the 2nd midline pair (Hypophyseal)?

A

Fuses with the optic capsule to form the body of the sphenoid, sphenoid wings and encase the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the fate of the 3rd midline pair (Parachordal)?

A

Fuses with the otic capsule to form the basiocciput, petrous and mastoid parts of the temporal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What bones form the calvaria?

A

Frontal
Parietal
Squamous part of the occipital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the embryological derivative of the calvaria?

A

Neural crest cells (ectoderm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the names of the fibrous gaps in the neurocranium present at birth?

A 
Fontanelles:
Anterior
Anterolateral
Posterior
Posterolateral
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the origins of the bones of the viscerocranium?

A

Neural crest cells from pharyngeal arches 1-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the general locations for the development of pharyngeal arches?

A

1 and 2 - structure of face
3 - structures of face and neck
4 and 6 - structures of neck
5 - develops but immediately regresses

17
Q

What parts of the viscerocranium are developed by intramembranous ossification? What pharyngeal arch are they derived from?

A 
Maxilla
Palatine
Zygomatic
Squamous part of temporal
Nasal
Vomer
Mandible

All from ARCH 1

18
Q

What are the 5 face primordia and what do they develop into? Where are they derived from?

A

Frontonasal prominence
2 x Maxillary prominences
2 x Mandibular prominences

Develop into the mouth

Mandibular and maxillary derived from arch 1

19
Q

Which bones of the viscerocranium are developed by endochondral ossification? Which pharyngeal arches are they developed from?

A

Malleous, incus, stapes - from ARCHES 1 & 2

Styloid process of temporal - from ARCH 1

20
Q

What is the name of the hole for the primitive mouth?

A

Stomodeum

21
Q

What are the expansions of the frontonasal prominence?

A

2 x nasal placodes (with medial and lateral swellings)

2 x Lens placodes (lateral)

22
Q

What is formed from the cleft between the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arches?

A

External ear

23
Q

What are the structures that form as the nasal and maxillary prominences fuse?

A

Medial nasal prominences fuse to become INTERMAXILLARY SEGMENT
IMS fuses with MAXILLARY PROMINENCE to form the dorsum of the nose and the Phil trim of the upper lip

24
Q

What is formed from the intermaxillary segment?

A

Primary palate

25
Q

What is formed from the maxillary prominence?

A

Secondary palate

26
Q

What is the clinical classification of incomplete fusion of the IMS and maxillary prominences?

A

Cleft palate - can be unilateral or bilateral in the primary palate, or secondary palate

27
Q

How long after birth do the fontanelles close?

A

Anterior - within 2 years

All others - within 3 months

28
Q

Outline the growth of the CRANIUM, MAXILLA and MANDIBLE after birth:

A 
Cranium:
1-5yr (85%), 6-10yr (11%), 11-20yr (4%)
Maxilla:
1-5yr (45%), 6-10yr (20%), 11-20yr (35%)
Mandible:
1-5yr (40%), 6-10yr (25%), 11-20yr (35%)
Cranial follows growth of brain, facial follows growth of body
29
Q

What are the estimated proportions of viscerocranium to skull in:

Adult
Neonate
Chimpanzee

A

Adult 1:3
Neonate 1:10
Chimpanzee 1:1

Anatomy Of Neuroscience (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions