3.1 Electron Theory Flashcards
how is a proton charged?
positively
Charge of a neutron?
Neutrally charged
Charge of electron
positive
What does the nucleus contain?
Proton and neutrons
Electricity is defined as?
Flow of electron between atoms
A material that can easily conduct electricity is know as?
conductor
material that doesnt conduct electricity easily?
insulator
3rd material that ranges between conductor and insulator
semi conductor
What are the component parts of an atom and what is their charge?
proton - positive, neutron neutral, electron - negative
What is the outermost shell of an atom referred to?
valence shell
Electrons with least amount of energy are in which shell?
closest to the nucleus
electrons with the greatest amount of energy are in the shell?
furthest from the nucleus
Describe a loosely bound electron
They live in the outermost shell and have the least attraction held by the nucleus
Name the shells from closest to furthest
KLMN
How many electrons are in the K shell
2
electrons in L shell?
8
electrons in M shell
18
electrons in N shell?
32
the valance band determines?
whether an electron will flow easily
a balanced atom has an equal number of?
protons and electrons
How is a positive Ion created?
By losing an electron. (more positive prontons than electrons that are negative)
How is a negative ion created?
By gaining an electron (More electrons -positive than protons - negative)
What is a molecule?
2 or more atoms bonded together
Describe an electrolyte
Any liquid or gel which contains ions
What makes a good conductor?
1 electron in the valence shell very loosely bound to the atom, many free electrons that when moving make up the electric current
How many electrons in a conductor outershell?
1-3
What is the atomic number?
The amount of protons in the nucleus of an atom
What differentiates an insulator from a conductor?
An insulator has many more electrons (5-8) in the outer shell which are very tightly bound to the nucleus making it more difficult for electron flow between them.
How many electrons are in a semi conductors valence shell?
4
How is a semiconductor made more conductive?
Doping (Adding impurities) or Temperature
