3.1 Ecosystems

Question 1

Ecosystem

Answer 1

Is a natural biological unit in which organisms interact with their environment. The components that make up an ecosystem include habitat, population and community

Question 2

Habitat

Answer 2

The place where an organism lives such as leaf or pond

Question 3

Community

Answer 3

The name given to all the different populations of organisms in a particular habitat

Question 4

Population

Answer 4

The total number of organisms of the same species in a particular habitat

Question 5

Biodiversity

Answer 5

The variety and abundance of organisms in an area

Question 6

Species

Answer 6

Organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring

Question 7

Producer

Answer 7

A green plant that makes its own food through photosynthesis

Question 8

Consumer

Answer 8

An organism that eats other organisms for energy

Question 9

Herbivore

Answer 9

An organism that consumes plants for energy

Question 10

Carnivore

Answer 10

An organism that consumes meat for energy

Question 11

Predator

Answer 11

An organism that hunts, kills and eats

Question 11

Prey

Answer 11

An organism that is hunted, killed and eaten

Question 11

Omnivore

Answer 11

An organism that consumes plants and animals for energy

Question 12

Niche

Answer 12

Niche is the role an organism plays in its community
It relates to the resources it requires in its ecosystem such as light and nutrient availability and its interaction with other organisms
It involves competition and predation and the temperature and the conditions such as temperature it tolerates

Question 13

Food chain

Answer 13

A food chain shows the feeding relationship between organisms
It shows how energy flows between individual species
A food chain will always start with a producer

Question 14

Food web

Answer 14

Food webs are more complex than food chains
They are made of interconnected food chains
Food webs will always start with one or more producers

Question 15

Competition

Answer 15

Competition is when two or more organisms need the same resources
Competition in ecosystems occur when resources are in short supply

Question 16

What do organisms compete for

Answer 16

Food
Mates
Light
Habitat
Water

Question 17

Two competitions

Answer 17

Intraspecific
Interspecific

Question 18

Interspecific competition

Answer 18

Competition between member of different species for one or a few of the resources

Question 19

Intraspecific

Answer 19

Competition between members of the same species for all resources they need

Question 20

Competition paragraph

Answer 20

Intraspecific is more intense than interspecific
This is because members of the same species occupy the same niches so have no other choice but to compete
Different species have some niches which are not the same so if they can’t get one type of food they can just find another