3.1- classification Flashcards
taxonomic groups in order
domain-largest, few features in common
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
what do scientists use to be able to classify organisms
-anatomical/ physical features such as pentadactyl limb
-fossil evidence
-biochemical analysis of proteins and DNA
what does binomial naming system consist of?
-genus which is a singular uppercase letter or full name
-species using a lowercase letter
-both in italics
what are the 3 domains
-bacteria
-archea
-eukarya
species definition
-a group of organisms with similar characteristics which can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
breed definition
-a group of animals of the same species that have different characteristics that make them different to other members of that species
variety definition
-a group of plants of the same species that have different characteristics that make them different to other members of that species.
why does the original definition of species have limitations
-different ‘species’ can interbreed in some cases to produce fertile offspring
-this is due to speciation
how does a newly discovered piece of evidence become accepted
-presented at scientific meetings or published in scientific journals
-peer reviewed be other experts who can then accept it
evolution definition
-the process by which different kinds of living organism are believed to have developed from earlier forms in the history of earth
new evidence for evolution- skulls
-skulls become larger due to increased size of brain
-enabled hominin to become more intelligent (larger cerebral cortex)
-have better motor coordination (larger cerebellum) to make more complex tools.
the 5 kingdoms
-animalia
-plantae
-fungi
-protoctista
-monera (prokaryotes)
what can be used to show evolutionary relationships
-improved genetic analysis of organisms genome from gel electrophoresis, restriction enzymes and DNA sequencing
-these techniques produce patterns in the DNA, RNA or proteins
