3.1 Biological Molecules

Question 1

What are monomers?

Answer 1

small units from which larger molecules are made

Question 2

What are polymers?

Answer 2

Molecules made from a large number of monomers joined together

Question 3

Give some examples of monomers

Answer 3

• monosaccharides
• amino acids
• nucleotides

Question 4

Give some examples of polymers

Answer 4

• Polysaccharides
• protein
• DNA

Question 5

What happens in a condensation reaction?

Answer 5

two molecules are joined together with the formation of a chemical bond where water is eliminated (produces water)

Question 6

What happens during hydrolysis reaction?

Answer 6

Breaks the chemical bond between two molecules using a water molecule.

Question 7

Test for reducing sugar

Answer 7

1) add Benedicts reagent to sample and hear in water bath that’s been brought to the boil.
2) positive= colour changed to form a brick red precipitate ( can be green yellow orange too)
3) Negative= remains blue

Question 8

Test for non reducing sugar

Answer 8

1) add dilute hydrochloride acid to sample and heat in water bath
2) neutralise it with sodium hydrogen carbonate
3) add benedicts and heat again in water bath
4) positive= colour Change
Negative= remain blue