3.1 Autoimmunity

Question 1

define immunological tolerance

Answer 1

range of host processes that prevent potentially harmful immune response against host antigens

Question 2

self antigen for:
-hashimotos thyroiditis
-T1DM
-MS
-goodpasture’s disease
-addisons
-graves
-MG
-pernicious anaemia
-RA
-SLE

Answer 2

-thyroid peroxidase + thyroglobulin
-pancreatic islet cell proteins
-nyelin sheath
-glomerular/alveolar BM
-steroid-21 hydroxylase
-TSH receptor
-ACh receptor
-intrinsic factor
-rheumatoid factor
-dsDNA

Question 3

clinical outcome of
-hashimotos thyroiditis
-T1DM
-MS
-goodpasture’s disease
-addisons
-graves
-MG
-pernicious anaemia
-RA
-SLE

Answer 3

-hypothyroidism
-hyperglycaemia
-demyelination
-glomerulonephritis
-adrenal insufficiency
-hyperthyroidim
-skeletal muscle weakness
-b12 def
-inflammatory arthritis + systemic Sx
-mutlisystem disease

Question 4

hypersensitivity reaction type
-hashimotos thyroiditis
-T1DM
-MS
-goodpasture’s disease
-addisons
-graves
-MG
-pernicious anaemia
-RA
-SLE

Answer 4

-4
-4
-4
-2
-2-4?
-2
-2
-2
-3
-3

Question 5

name some primary autoantibodies, and their disease

Answer 5

anti TSHr antibodies- graves
anti AChR antibodies- MG

Question 6

name some secondary autoantibodies and their disease

Answer 6

-anti nuclear antibodies- SLE
-anti gastric parietal cell antibodies- pernicious anaemia
-anti thyroid peroxidase antibodies- hashimotos
-anti rheumatoid factor antibodies- RA

Question 7

neonatal risk of inhereting conditions form mother
-graves
-thrombocytopenia

Answer 7

-10%
-70%

Question 8

best immunomodulatroy therapy, but lots of side effects

Answer 8

corticosteroids

Question 9

hormone factors for autoimmune conditions

Answer 9

hormone hypothesis
double X chromosome- some genes on second X not inactivated like normal

Question 10

autoimmune conditions improved by pregnancy

Answer 10

MS
RA

Question 11

for these microbial, link their possible autoimmune conditions
1. strep pyogenes ( M protein)
2. campylobacter jejuni
3. coxsackie B4
4. chlamydia trachomatis

Answer 11

1. rheumatic fever
2. Guillain barre syndrome
3. T1DM
4. haemolytic anaemia

Question 12

why do certain autoimmune conditions present days-weeks after infection?

Answer 12

IgM produced first the IgG, IgG goes to peripheral tissues so gives symptoms

Question 13

minocycline can be used to treat acne. link it to autoimmunity

Answer 13

SLE

Question 14

potential classes of immunosuppressive drugs

Answer 14

-anti T cell: ciclosporin
-anti proliferative: azathioprine
-cytotoxic: cyclophosphamide
-anti metabolite: methotrexate