3.1 Flashcards
niche
biotic and abiotic resources a species uses (and what, where, when, and how it uses them)
fundamental niche
full potential use of resources
realized niche
actual use of resources
mutualism
a type of interspecific relation in which the relationship is mutually beneficial, (+/+)
commensalism
a type of interspecific interaction where one species benefits, and the other is not affected, (+/0)
parasitism
a type of interspecific interaction in which one party preys on the other for an extended period of time, often living in, on, or near the host, and does not actually kill the host, (-/+0
predation
a type of interspecific interaction in which one species kills another for the purpose of eating it, (+/-)
herbivory
a type of interspecific interaction in which an animal eats a plant. (+/-)
facultative
a facultative relationship is one that is mutually beneficial but wholly optional; each party does not fully rely on the other for survival
obligatory
an obligatory relationship is one in which each party is entirely dependent on the other for survival
what happens when two niches overlap a little?
both species will pull away from the overlap, maybe one more than the other, so there is little to no overlap (niche partitioning)
what happens when two niches overlap significantly?
one species will be stronger and drive the other one out. the weaker population will decrease in size or go extinct
How can niche partitioning increase the biodiversity of a community? What are some ways that species can partition their niches?
Niche partitioning can increase the biodiversity of an area because, instead of one species taking up the entire area, it is partitioned between two or more different populations. Species can partition niches by time, types of food, and space.
