Quiz Shit Flashcards
What’s one example of traits being changed by environment?
Minnesota twin study.
Height.
How can you dissect a genome?
True breeding and inbred strains
Can control environment through incubators greenhouses etc
What is concordance?
Calculate the percentage of time a twin has the same trait as the other.
What is the use of single nucleotide polymorphism?
To look for a pattern that correlates with a health outcome.
(Snap is close enough that during crossing over ,that the snp and gene of interest travel together.
What is the rate limiting factor that controls DNA
RNAP
What does the RNAP need?
A promoter to bind to
What needs to happen for RNAP to bind?
The histones and nucleosomes need to loosen by was of the addition of an acetyl group to make the histone neutral.
What is methylation
The Cp G “island” is over represented and is subject to enzymatic modification or removing CH3 of cytokines.
RNAP binds to methylated Cs do that modification prevents expression of genes.
Histone and primer modification is referred to as….
Epigenetic regulation
What happens in cloned mice with no fertilization(epigenetics)
30-60% bigger because IGF is not suppressed
What is an example of epiagenetic regulation?
Shutting off of X chromosome. Doesn’t allow each tissue to function normally.
Requires help of transcription factors general and regulatory.
Prokaryote gene regulation?
Not highly compacted-default of gene is off.
RNAP binds to promoter and is assisted by an activator.
Neg regulation- needs a depressor protein. Requires a co repressor.
Activators and repressors ally present but coactivators, co repressors and inducers respond to environmental cues.
What is an operant?
Gene regulation that encodes multiple proteins on the same transcript.
Describe the tryptophan Oberon
Encodes 5 enzymes that are required to make tryptophan from scratch. Default is on so neg regulation is used to turn it off.
Tryptophan and corepressor causes confrontational change so repressor binds to operon impeding RNAP from transcribing genes.