303B Torque Converters (fundamentals/service)

Question 1

What are the 3 V’s?

Answer 1

Volume: controlled by the physical size of the pump

Velocity: controlled by size of converter, size of the vanes and angle, and speed of the impeller

Viscosity: rating of oil that is used (how thick)

Question 2

What is a fluid clutch?

Answer 2

Consists of the impeller and the turbine. It transmits torque from an engine to a driveline to the transmission through the action of fluid which is kinetic energy.

Question 3

What is kinetic energy?

Answer 3

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.

Question 4

What does the impeller and turbine do?

Answer 4

The impeller receives torque from engine flywheel since it is driven by the flywheel

The turbine element transmits torque to the drive line or a transmission

Once the flywheel starts truing the impeller the oil inside starts pushing outwards because of angle of the vanes and centrifugal force. The oil then is transferred from the chambers in the impeller to the chambers of the turbine which starts moving it as the engine rpm’s increase.

Question 5

Advantages and disadvantages of fluid coupling?

Answer 5

Advantage :
-no mechanical connection
-Fluid absorbs shock loads
-Gradual start-up of load

Disadvantage :
-Efficiency is lost due to slippage (creates heat)
-Fluid coupling can transmit torque but cannot increase or multiply torque.

Question 6

What is the oil flow inside the converter classified as?

Answer 6

Vortex flow
Rotary flow

Question 7

Vortex flow?

Answer 7

The flow of oil from the impeller to the turbine and back to the impeller is called vortex flow or “converter phase”

This happens when the turbine is turning at a lower rate then the impeller

This would be when vehicle is in “stall”

Question 8

Rotary flow?

Answer 8

When vehicle is in motion.
The oil flow is in the same direction as the impeller is turning
This is also called the “coupling phase”