302 Q Flashcards
Mannitol salt agar (MSA) only allows the growth of halophiles (salt-loving microbes). Among the halophiles, mannitol fermenters release acid that turns the pH indicator yellow; mannitol nonfermenters leave the medium red. Onto MSA you inoculate a halophilic mannitol nonfermenter and a nonhalophilic mannitol nonfermenter. Here the medium acts as a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ medium. Differential Selective Selective and differential Enrichment
Selective
Which of the following forms of bacterial respiration yields the least amount of ATP? Anaerobic respiration. Fat oxidation. Glucose fermentation. Aerobic respiration.
Glucose fermentation.
Which of the following characteristics is not true of alpha haemolysis?
Complete haemolysis of RBCs (Red Blood Cells).
Narrow zone of clearing.
Clearing displays indefinite margin.
Produces a greenish zone.
Complete haemolysis of RBCs (Red Blood Cells).
Which of the following characteristics is not true of beta haemolysis? Sharply defined zone of clearing Colourless zone of clearing Narrow zone of clearing (<2mm) Complete haemolysis
Narrow zone of clearing (<2mm)
The fruiting body of a mushroom is called Basidiocarps Plasmodiocarps Ascocarps Sorocarps
Basidiocarps
What is the purpose of a Oxidase test?
What is the purpose of a Oxidase test?
To test for the presence of the enzyme catalase.
To distinguish oxidative from fermentative metabolism.
To test if a bacteria is an obligate anaerobe
To test for the presence of cytochrome C.
To test for the presence of cytochrome C
Mannitol salt agar (MSA) only allows the growth of halophiles (salt-loving microbes); nonhalophiles will not grow. Among the halophiles, mannitol fermenters will produce acid that turns the pH indicator yellow; mannitol nonfermenters leave the medium red. Onto MSA you inoculate a halophilic mannitol fermenter and a halophilic mannitol nonfermenter. In this case, the medium is acting as (a) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ medium(s). Differential Selective Selective and differential Enrichment
Differential
Bat sites usually harbor the following primary pathogenic fungus:
Bat sites usually harbor the following primary pathogenic fungus:
Phaeoannellomyces werneckii
Madurella mycetomatis
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Histoplasma capsulatum
Histoplasma capsulatum
Anaerobic respiration is distinguished from aerobic respiration by:
Anaerobic respiration is distinguished from aerobic respiration by:
Molecules other than O2 act as terminal electron acceptors.
Net oxidation of substrates.
ATP production by substrate level phosphorilation.
All of the above.
Molecules other than O2 act as terminal electron acceptors.
The cytoplasm is _______ .
The cytoplasm is _______ .
A selectively permeable barrier composed of hydrophillic and hydrophobic fatty acids.
The substance in which the nucleoid, ribosomes & inclusion bodies
are suspended.
The site of protein synthesis.
All of the above.
The substance in which the nucleoid, ribosomes & inclusion bodies
are suspended.
. You inoculated and then incubated an oxidation/fermentation (OF) test over the past 5 days. You return to find that the top third of the media has transformed from green to yellow. From this you derive that the inoculated bacteria \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ . Contains the enzyme Oxidase Is a mannitol fermenter Utilises an oxidative metabolism Utilises a fermentative metabolism
Utilises an oxidative metabolism
Which culture media is used to isolate staphylococci?
Which culture media is used to isolate staphylococci?
Blood agar
Mannitol salt agar
Chocolate agar
MacConkey agar
Mannitol salt agar
. Mannitol salt agar (MSA) only allows the growth of halophiles (salt-loving microbes). Among the halophiles, mannitol fermenters release acid that turns the pH indicator yellow; mannitol nonfermenters leave the medium red. Onto MSA you inoculate a halophilic mannitol fermenter, a nonhalophilic mannitol fermenter, and a halophilic mannitol nonfermenter. Thus, the medium is acting as a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ medium. Differential Selective Enrichment Selective and differential
Selective and differential
The bread mold Rhizopus stolonifer belongs to which of the following fungal divisions? Ascomycota Chytridiomycota Microsporidia Zygomycota
Zygomycota
Select the corrent order in which biofilms form:
Active dispersal, Development, Colonisation, Reversable adhesion, Irreversible adhesion.
Reversible adhesion, Irreversible adhesion, Colonisation, Development, Active dispersal
Development, Active dispersal, Colonisation, Reversable adhesion, Irreversible adhesion.
Reversible adhesion, Irreversible adhesion, Development, Colonisation, Active dispersal.
Reversible adhesion, Irreversible adhesion, Colonisation, Development, Active dispersal
Fungi can be distinguished from algae due to
Fungi can be distinguished from algae due to
the presence of a chitinous cell wall
the presence of a visable nucleus
the presence of a cellulosic cell wall
The absence of mitochondria
the presence of a chitinous cell wall
Fungi usually store the reserve food material in the form of
Fungi usually store the reserve food material in the form of
Starch
Glycogen
Lipid
Protein
Glycogen
Which of the following is not true of haemolysis?
Which of the following is not true of haemolysis?
Beta haemolysis produces a clear zone around the bacterial colony.
Alpha haemolysis produces greenish discolouration of RBCs around the bacterial colony.
Gamma haemolysis produces no colour change around the bacterial colony.
Haemolytic function is associated with the enzyme streptokinase.
Haemolytic function is associated with the enzyme streptokinase.
What are the three basic steps of conventional PCR?
What are the three basic steps of conventional PCR?
Denature, anneal, & strand displacement
Strand displacement, synthesis & release
Reverse-transcription, anneal & extend
Denature, anneal & extension
Denature, anneal & extension
Fungi are major causes of plant diseases. are pest organisms that have no commercial value Only (i.) is true. Only (ii.) is true Neither (i.) or (ii.) are true Both (i.) and (ii.) are true
Only (i.) is true
Which ingredient makes MacConkey agar differential? Peptone Agar Lactose Bile salts
Lactose
If you are designing an experiment involving a chemolithotrophic autotroph; which of the following would be most essential to maintaining growth of the organism?
A continual supply of abundant oxygen
A nutrient medium containing glucose
Keeping the cultures at 37°C
A source of reduced inorganic compound such as NH4
A source of reduced inorganic compound such as NH4
Which by-product of bacterial fermentation is responsible for dental disease?
Which by-product of bacterial fermentation is responsible for dental disease?
Lactic acid.
NADH.
Ethanol.
Pyruvate
Lactic acid.
Blood agar is often used to differentiate between:
Bacteria that absorb oxygen and those that do not.
Salt sensitive and non-salt sensitive microbes.
Types of hemolysis the bacteria may produce.
All of the above.
Types of hemolysis the bacteria may produce.
Fungi \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Fungi \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. have cell walls of peptidoglycan are procaryotic are photosynthetic secrete extracellular enzymes to breakdown nutrients
secrete extracellular enzymes to breakdown nutrients
An organism is capable of oxidizing H2S and using the energy obtained from the reaction to reduce carbon dioxide. Which type of metabolism does this organism possess?
An organism is capable of oxidizing H2S and using the energy obtained from the reaction to reduce carbon dioxide. Which type of metabolism does this organism possess?
Photolithotrophic autotroph
Chemoorganotrophic heterotroph
Photoorganotrophic heterotroph
Chemolithotrophic autotroph
Chemolithotrophic autotroph
n a bacterial colony, the youngest and most rapidly growing cells are _______ .
In a bacterial colony, the youngest and most rapidly growing cells are _______ .
Found at its leading edge.
Found at its centre.
Found evenly distributed throughout the colony.
Impossible to locate
Found at its leading edge.
Many Gram negative bacteria can grow on MacConkey agar but the growth of most Gram positive bacteria is inhibited. What ingredient is used in MacConkey agar to cause this inhibition?
Many Gram negative bacteria can grow on MacConkey agar but the growth of most Gram positive bacteria is inhibited. What ingredient is used in MacConkey agar to cause this inhibition?
Agar
Antibiotics
Lactose
Bile salts
Bile salts
Which of the following is not an example of a biofilm?
Which of the following is not an example of a biofilm?
Dental plaque.
A single bacterial cell growing on an agar surface.
Toilet bowl scum.
Organisms that colonize indwelling medical devices.
A single bacterial cell growing on an agar surface.
Which of the following bacterial respirations gives the maximum energy yield?
Which of the following bacterial respirations gives the maximum energy yield?
Anaerobic respiration.
EMP pathway.
Aerobic respiration.
Fermentation
Aerobic respiration.
Biofilms are organised aggregates of bacteria that may:
Biofilms are organised aggregates of bacteria that may:
Protect one another.
Communicate with one another.
Form differentiated structures with specialised functions.
All of the above.
All of the above.
Select the correct statement from the following:
Select the correct statement from the following:
Plasmids are able to replicate independently of the bacterial
chromosome.
Plasmids are small, closed, circular, double stranded DNA.
Plasmids can carry genes that confer a selective
trait and move between different bacteria.
All of the above.
All of the above.
________ exhibit yeast-like growth at human body temperatures and mold-like growth at room temperature
________ exhibit yeast-like growth at human body temperatures and mold-like growth at room temperature
Club fungi
Water molds
Slime molds
Dimorphic fungi
Dimorphic fungi
Bacterial biofilms are important medically because:
Bacterial biofilms are important medically because:
They are resistant to antibiotics.
They can form dental plaque.
They may form on catheters
All are correct.
All are correct.
he basic requirements of PCR include: The basic requirements of PCR include: The DNA segment to be amplified Two oligonucleotide primers A heat stable DNA polymerase All of the above
All of the above
80S ribosomes can be found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
80S ribosomes can be found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
True
False
False
In group translocation glucose becomes phosphorylated as it enters a cell.
In group translocation glucose becomes phosphorylated as it enters a cell.
True.
False.
True
Lactose fermenters produce red colonies on MacConkey agar.
Lactose fermenters produce red colonies on MacConkey agar.
True
False
True
The OF test differentiates bacteria on the basis of fermentative or oxidative metabolism of glucose.
The OF test differentiates bacteria on the basis of fermentative or oxidative metabolism of glucose.
True
False
T
Most Human pathogenic fungi are nonmotile
Most Human pathogenic fungi are nonmotile
False
True
True
Applied microbiology deals with important practical problems in
Applied microbiology deals with important practical problems in
medicine, agriculture, and industry.
medicine.
industry.
agriculture
medicine, agriculture, and industry.
________ was the first to describe microorganisms, while ________ was the first person to see bacteria.
________ was the first to describe microorganisms, while ________ was the first person to see bacteria.
Robert Koch / Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek / Robert Koch
Robert Hooke / Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek / Robert Hook
Robert Hooke / Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
The first documented description of a microorganism was of a ________ by ________.
The first documented description of a microorganism was of a ________ by ________.
bacterium / Ferdinand Cohn
fungus / Robert Koch
yeast / Martinus Beijerinck
mold / Robert Hooke
mold / Robert Hooke
Which of the following is NOT an accomplishment of Louis Pasteur?
Which of the following is NOT an accomplishment of Louis Pasteur?
developed heat sterilization techniques that involved the creation of a specialized swan-necked flask
developed enrichment culture techniques
developed the first rabies vaccine and treated thousands of individuals
determined that the alcohol-making process was mediated by microbial fermentation and thus refuted the theory of spontaneous generation
developed enrichment culture techniques
The theory of spontaneous generation was refuted by the work of
The theory of spontaneous generation was refuted by the work of
Robert Hooke.
Louis Pasteur.
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek.
Robert Koch.
Louis Pasteur.
Robert Koch contributed to the field of microbiology by being the first person to
Robert Koch contributed to the field of microbiology by being the first person to
develop the tuberculin test, formulate four postulates for definitively linking a specific microorganism to a specific disease, and use agar as a solidifying agent in growth media.
use agar as a solidifying agent in growth media.
formulate four postulates for definitively linking a specific microorganism to a specific disease.
develop the tuberculin test.
develop the tuberculin test, formulate four postulates for definitively linking a specific microorganism to a specific disease, and use agar as a solidifying agent in growth media.
