3. W.E.B. Du Bois 1868-1963

Question 1

Writings

Answer 1

The Souls of Black Folk” published 1903

Question 2

Division between followers of Washington and Dubois

later mirrored in divisions between-

Answer 2

Kings passive resistance and integrationist ideas

more radical and separatist views of the Black Power movement

Question 3

idea

Answer 3

there should be an elite (the Talented Tenth) who would lead AA to social and political equality and integration.

Question 4

Appalled by lynching

Answer 4

(1700 deaths between 1885 and 1894)

Question 5

Spoke with a passion that anticipated rhetoric of King much more than

Answer 5

dry rationalism of Washington

Question 6

Niagara movement

Answer 6

pressed for more radical change
black civil rights organisation formed in 1905
opposed Washington’s ideas of working with the white system, wanted an end to desegregation.
founded by a group of activists, leading inspiration was Du bois.
splits and disagreements led to decline in 1909
laid foundation for NAACP in 1909

Question 7

Du bois accepted alliance with white supporters

Answer 7

director of research and publicity in NAACP
only AA to hold office in the organisation
publishing journal, The Crisis.

Question 8

Dubois recognised that there had been gains

by 1913 AA owned-

Answer 8

550,000 homes, 
937,000 farms, 
40,000 businesses. 
there was- 
70% literacy rate, 
40,000 churches, 
35,000 teachers 
1.7 million pupils in public (state funded) schools.

Question 9

Du bois interest shifted to

Answer 9

international affairs and Pan-Africanism
belief in the need for unity and solidarity among AA all over the world.
origins go back to late 19th century.
recognises distinct values and common heritage of AA in terms of history, culture, values, achievements and rights.
given expression by the Organisation of African Unity in 1963
supporters think Africans in all countries should unite

Question 10

Dubois organised protest march in New York anticipating

Answer 10

later civil rights marches.

Question 11

Impact of Du bois on civil rights

Answer 11

Shifted attention to the need to publicise civil rights through the press and to organise

his radicalism led him along different paths

Interest in Pan-Africanism shared by another radical figure (of a much different type) Marcus Garvey.

Belief in organising shared by Asa Philip Randolph.

These men show wide variation in individual leadership